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1543
The Scientific Revolution
This laid the groundwork for the Enlightenment by emphasizing observation, experimentation, and the questioning of traditional beliefs. -
John Locke's "Two Treatises of Government"
Locke's ideas on natural rights and government by consent were pivotal in shaping modern political philosophy. -
Publication of the Encyclopédie
Edited by Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert, this comprehensive work aimed to compile and disseminate knowledge -
American Declaration of Independence
Heavily influenced by Enlightenment principles, this document marked the birth of a new nation based on democratic ideals. These events significantly shaped the course of history and the development of modern thought. -
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
A fundamental document outlining individual and collective rights. -
The Estates-General
The meeting of the three estates to address the financial crisis -
Women's March on Versailles
Women march to demand bread and force the royal family to move to Paris -
The Tennis Court Oath
The National Assembly vows not to disband until a constitution is established -
Period: to
french revolution
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Storming of the Bastille
A key event symbolizing the start of the revolution. -
The Civil Constitution of the Clergy
Reorganization of the Catholic Church in France. -
Flight to Varennes
The royal family's failed attempt to escape Paris. -
The Champ de Mars Massacre
A violent confrontation between revolutionaries and the National Guard -
The Declaration of Pillnitz
Austria and Prussia express support for the French monarchy -
The Storming of the Tuileries
Insurrection leading to the fall of the monarchy. -
The September Massacres
Mass killings of prisoners in Paris. -
The Execution of Louis XVI
he king is executed by guillotine. -
Reign of Terror
A period of political purges and executions. -
The Execution of Robespierre
The fall of one of the revolution's most influential leaders. -
The Rise of Napoleon Bonaparte
The coup of 18 Brumaire leading to Napoleon's control of France. -
The Coup of 18 Brumaire
Napoleon overthrew the French Directory, establishing the Consulate and eventually becoming the First Consul of France. -
The Napoleonic Code
This legal code reformed French law and influenced legal systems worldwide by promoting principles like equality before the law and secular authority. -
The Coronation as Emperor
Napoleon crowned himself Emperor of the French, marking the rise of the Napoleonic Empire. -
The Battle of Austerlitz
Also known as the Battle of the Three Emperors, this decisive victory against Russia and Austria solidified Napoleon's dominance in Europe. -
The Exile to Saint Helena
After his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo, Napoleon was exiled to the remote island of Saint Helena, where he spent the remainder of his life.