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Standford B. Dole
*His relation w/ U.S - Him & his family made the Dole pineapple company
*Effects played a prominet & Active role in the overthrown of Queen Liluokalami
-Gov. 1900-1903
*Connections - family had pineapple plantations.
led the provisional Gov. while it worked out plans for the U.S to annex the island during Spanish American WAR. -
Sinking of the U.S.S Maine
-It was sent to Cuba, to protect U.S citizens during the Cuban war of independence.
-William Rendolph Hearst published " Remember the maine! To hell with Spain!"
-Hearst influence America by the uproar caused by the destruction of Maine.
-Yellow Press exploited the story, whipping the U.S. into an anti-Spanish frenzy.
-People would yell out " Remember the Maine!" -
Period: to
Expanding World power
In this time period , american changes their view from internal expansion and domestic issues to becoming a global force, both economically and militarily. -
San Juan Hill
-Was a decisive battle of Spanish American war
-The San Juan heights was a north-south running elevation about 2 kilometers east of Santiago De Cuba. -
Henry Cabot Lodge
-Served as U.S. Representatives
-Imperialism: A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force
-He felt that to safe guard its own interest U.S. had to skate out spheres of economic influence.
-Lodge had influence the senate to expand elect & essential security -
Theodore Roosevelt Battle of San Juan Hill "Rough Riders"
-A volunteer force known as " Rough rider "
-They defeated Spanish forces at San Juan in Cuba.
-In 4 months Spain was defeated.
-American forces were left in occupation of the Philippines , Cuba , Puerto Rico , and Guam.
-Later he became president of the united states. -
Open Door Policy
-Cause they wanted to build an Empire.
-United states did not have a sphere of influence of economic activties.
-Protect American businessmen & investors that america would shut out of china by the european powers.
-U.s participation would oppose any attempt by other nations to use the rebellion as an excuse to dismember china. -
Period: to
Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt
-Was William McKinley's vice president
-1901 in September Roosevelt became president which William was assassinated.
-" Speak softly and carry a big stick" , .. do not use verbal threats, but do make others aware that you are prepared to use physical force (U.S Navy)
-Crater lake national park , . wind cave national park , .. sully's hill , .. Platte national park , . Mesa Verde national park. -
Period: to
Panama Canal
-Colombia owned it first.
-reason they needed the canal laws because it provided a new route for international trade and military transport.
-22k people died
-Roosevelt sent U.S to worship to panama to protect rebels and took action after that happen panama gave complete control of a 10 mile stripe to guide the canal. -
Roosevelt Corollary
-Was an addition to the Monroe doctrine.
-Roosevelt wanted to create and informal america empire in Latin america as a means of competing with the increasing imperialism of European nation.
-Justified american intervention throughout the western hemisphere.
-It help keep European nation out of american affairs in north and south america. -
Period: to
Dollar Diplomacy
Purpose :
-Promote American Foreign policy
-make america more money
-Took place in Caribbean region[central and south america]
-U.S bankers loaned money to latin american countries is they couldnt repay loans U.S marines were sent in to assure repayment by force. -
Period: to
WW1
-Leading by mid- August to the outbreak of ww1 which pitted Germany Austria - Hungary and the ottoman empire against Great Britain , France, Russia, Italy, and japan.
- MAIN
-Militarism , Alliances ,Imperialism , Nationalism : was occurring in Europe while lead to the beginning of ww1
-By the time ww1 in the defeat of central powers in November-1918 more than 9 million soldiers had been killed.
-But the association of archduke Franz Ferdinand was the spark that started ww1. -
Sinking of the Lusitania
-When it was sunk in 1915, the Lusitania was on the return leg from New York across the Atlantic . when it was torpedo by a German u-boat killing 1000 people, 120 Americans. This was Germany unrestricted warfare which helped bring the U.S into ww1 -
German unrestricted Submarine warfare
-Germany being starved or food and raw materials by the British naval blockade that had been in place since august 1914.
-U.S industrial production capacity which could be turned over wholly to war production for the allies.
-U.S manpower , which would provide millions of new troops for the america armies on the western front. -
Zimmerman Telegram
-Internal diplomatic communication issued from the Germany foreign office in jan1917.
-Proposed a military alliance between Germany & mexico.
-This created 1 of 4 events of the united states entering WW1 against Germany. -
Espionage Act
-The act was designed to crush subversion ans silence critics of the war. For those convicted of aiding the enemy obstructing military recruitment, protesting, conscription, or say or doing anything to impede the war effort.
-The maximum fine was up to $810,000 and 20 years in federal prison -
The America Expeditionary Force
-Consisted of united states army forces sent to Europe.
-Under the commending general john , Pershing in 1917 to help ww1.
-They were called the dough boys, possibly of the white belt they were which they cleared with pipe clay or " dough ". There were millions of men that were in the (AEF)
-The commanding general was John J. Pershing -
Fourteen Point Plan
-The fourteen point plan ideas were distributed world wide by the government writing for George creel in the american committee on public information.
-Millions of copies of booklets and pamphlets that explained Wilson plans were distributed to allied nations and dropped from planes above Germany.
-Allies agreed to accept the fourteen points as the basis for the country peace negotiations if Wilson would agree to two reservations. -
Battle of the Argonne Forest
Reason of Argonne forest .
-Battle in 1918 near the Belgian border.
-It was 600,000 soldiers and 40,000 of artillery.
-It shattered the German defense and open a hole in German lines.
-Was the final and most important battle of the AFF.
-The overall was the several Medal Honors awarded at the battle. -
Alvin York U.S
-Was ordered to take his squad on a surprise attack against an emplacement of German machine guns he captured 132 German soldiers and officers.
-His heroic actions help lead to the ending of the battle of Argonne forest to sergeant.
-Honors and awarded the congressional medal or honor. -
Supreme Court
-Issue: The first amendment violated when congress makes a law that punishes opinions against the war.
-Congress passed a law called Espionage Act which said that during wartime obstructing the draft was a crime.
-The court ruled that there is limits to free speech Free speech is not protected from falsely should "Fire" a crowded theater and causing panic. The first amendment did not protect words that create a "clear and present danger." -
Schneck V. U.S
When america entered world war 1 congress passed a law called the espionage act violating the first amendment schneck was convicted for disturbing literature that encouraged men to resist the draft schneck claimed his first amendment right to freedom of speech had been violated. supreme court ruled that there were limits to free speed like falsely shooting fire in a crowded crest to " clear and present danger" -
League of nations
-Intergovernmental organization as a result of the Paris peace conference.
-Purpose was to maintain world peace.
-weakness - lacked there own armed forces they depended on the great powers but they were reluctant to help.
-The league severely weakened when several major powers, such as U.S and Russia failed to join.
-League proved incapable of preventing aggression by axis powers and countries started withdrawing from the league -
Sussex Pledge
-Germany attack that ship and killed more than 50 people.
-Germany pledged to not sink anymore oceans liners with out prior warning or providing help for passengers but broke this pledge by sinking the Lusitania.