-
Period: to
north river steam boat
trade-rapid transportattion of goods.
-trans.-wealthy would use it as form to travel in rivers
-enviroment-farmers grewcrops along the river b/c it was easy to get them to markets near river forks & rapids.
-marine disek engine. -
Period: to
new immigration
irish-religious freedom,economic condition
german-religious bckgrnd drifficulties
politicals diffrences
cinese-need work,gold rush
most immigrants lived mostly by the west coast -
morse code
-sammuel morse invented the morse code
-it made comm. fasteryou can send a message from coast to coast in 10 min.
-it lead to telephone fro machine & the interntet & iphones.
-biult along, rr tracks due to free land,& heavy use by the rr company. -
Period: to
cattle drive era
-cattle drives started in texas ended in the midwest @the rr lines (kansas nebraska)
-more beef was needed in the east coast due to the growing pop.in big cities like chicago-NY
-new tech. ended the cattle drive it was called barbe wire -
homestead act
-the u.s gov wanted homesteads to move out to the plains so that they could ach.manifest destiny
-great plains ,flat land,& grassland
ppl had the drive to own their ownland ,the american dream
-native americans had 3 chocies they could assimilate relocate or die. -
first transcontinental railroad
-1 time america could travel freely from coast to coast
-markets expanded& cheaper distributions
-ppl moved to the east
-forced indians off there lands
-ended long cattle dries
-farmers hqd quick qcess to markets -
Period: to
rise of labor unions
purpose
-fought for wages & safer working conditions
-it stopped childlabor
gave health benifits& provided aid to workers who were injured or retired.
actions
-unions rely on strike & boycott against co.
sometimes the stikes lead to violence.
-1st time african americans were de-segrate & allowed to join union -
standard oil company
-founded by john d. rockfeller w/ associates
after making major proces sw/ his company , made his transportation
once retired invested in choritable endaevors becoming a respectedphilanthropist
-invested becoming $300,milliomto help creat the university of chicago & the rockerfellerinstitue of medical research -
Period: to
gilded age west ward expansion
-the gilded age was an era of rapid economic growth,especially inthe north & west. american wages especially for skilled workers,were much higher than in europe which attracted millions of immgartions
-railroads were the major industry, but the factory system, minning & finance record
-labour unions became imp. in industrial areas -
be ssemer steel process
-the removal of impurities from iron
-the bessemer process revolutionizeed steel production,de-creasing cost
-the process mqde steel 10x stronger than iron
-rr went further building grex high due to strength & low cost of steel -
chinese exculisonary
- 1st & only major legislation to suspend imm. of a ertain nationalatiy -in 1892 was renewed for another10 years in 1902the ban became permenent -american people were scared to fight from their jobs -caused segragationof asians from americans & china towns
-
haymarket riot
causes
-working conditions were low wages dangerous working conditions
happened
-labor protest near chicagos haymarket sq.
-rally turned to riot after someone threw a bumb @police.
result
gov. imposed death sentence on 7men & were sentenced to 15 years in prison & 4men were hanged. -
andrew carnegige
-the carnegie argument about the gospel of wealth is that rich people should be allowed to use their money to help "fit"ppl
=he created bessemer process steak making -his fortune in the steel ind, containing the most extensive integrated iron -
hull house
-to provide higher civic& social life located in chicago, illinois
-founded by ellen g. starr& jones addams
both their leader ship made women more politically influenced -had more power among men -
Period: to
ellis island
-some of the groups/nationals that arived were south europeans
-immigrants has to perform physical & mental exanes to ensure there admittance
-doc. would check the immigrants for health problems -
homesteastrike
-frink sent 300 pinkerton & met 10,000 strikers a gun fight broke out till the national guard came to stop them
-carriage wated to brake the union,frick began locking the workers out of the plant
-gov. supported monoplisits -
pull man strike
causes
-manufacture of railroad cars
-cut the already low wages of its workers by abt 25% but did not inroduce coressponding inrents & other charges
happened
american railroad way union striking
-small group 260,00joined pullman strike
-refused to hitch cars
result
-federal injuction srikes & violent reaction ruiend his rep. -
Period: to
angel island
-is in sunfransisco bay immigrants prosessed one million asian immigrnts.
-chinese & japanesse immigrnts.
-req.many chinese immigrnts frced to prove they had a husband or father & were in good health
-many chinese when they got there were sent to jail b/c his or she country was weak & poor. -
Period: to
great migration
pull factors to north
-job opp.
voting was a right.
push factors
violence of hate
work to survive/no jobs.
migratting of new job opp.,blacks moved north to escape from oppressive conditions of the south like hynching , unfair legal system inequqlity in education. -
americanization day
created to bring 2gether new& old immigrants.
-americans viewed imm. as a threat to americans way to life
-immi. were worried they wouldnt be accepted as american citezens. -
nast cartoon about boss tweed
-boss tweed suspected of stealing untold millionsfrom the city of n.y.
-before public outrange turned against him.
-nast used his cartoons to help prosecute boss tweed for fraud -
Period: to
william m. tweed
they used dishonest politicans to gain control of n.y city gov.
support neighboors of new immignts. by giving helo & jobs
immignts. in return w/ votes how boss tweed wanted.
controled democratic party in n.y.c