U.S. History Unit Timeline

Batholomeu Dias voyaged around the southern tip of Africa and the Cape of Good Hope.

Jul 1, 1487

Ordered by the King of Portugal, John II, Dias sailed to and around the southern end of Africa. Instead of continuing to India the expedition returned to Portugal due to low supllies and exhaustion. The return trip was when Dias discovered the Cape of Good Hope. This proved the Atlantic and Indians oceans werent landlocked and made way for vasco da Gama to successfully go around Africa to India.

Citation

Jul 1, 1487

Parker, John. "Dias, Bartolomeu." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2011. Web. 11 Nov. 2011. "Bartolomeu Dias Voyage." Map. Wikipedia. MediaWiki, 11 Nov. 2006. Web. 11 Nov. 2011.

His discovery of a sailing route around Africa helped establish travel between western Europe and Asia.

Jul 1, 1487

The view that Bartolemeu's discovery was a major role in travel and trade is portrayed quite simpoly in this quote. When he sailed around the Cape of Good Hope and the tip of Africa, Dias layed down the passage for many after him to use and accomplished a way to trade with the Indies through the sea. which was basically why all the exploration began and how the New World was accidentally found.

"The effect of Cabot's efforts was to demonstrate the viability of a short route across the North Atlantic. This would later prove important in the establishment of British colonies in North America."

Jun 24, 1494

By connecting the discoevery with the impact, thsi quote shows that Cabot's landfall wasn't just a "first" to be put in a history book and memorized but the beginning of what was to create an entire nation, race of people, and innovation of the world. It also shows how it was the first involvement of England and Britain in the New World. It implies the importance and prospect created by his voyage.

Citation

Jun 24, 1494

"Cabot, John." Britannica Biographies (2010): 1. Middle Search Plus. Web. 11 Nov. 2011. "The Reformation Online Proudly Presents John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto), the Real Discoverer of the New World!!" The Reformation Online - The Most Timely, Scientific, and Patriotic Site on the Internet. 2009. Web. 11 Nov. 2011. http://www.reformation.org/cabotia.html.

John Cabot makes landfall on the New World and claims the land for England.

Jun 24, 1494

After the Norse landings, John Cabot was the first to come ashore to North America and claimed it for England. Cabot, like Colombus was mistaken about reaching the Indies, believed he had landed on Asia. Although Colombus had previously "discovered" the New World, Cabot's initial landfall and exploration was the first of the world's and opened it up for all other explorers. He was also representing England, a huge step in involving the rest of the world in the exploration of North America.

Citation

May 20, 1497

"Vasco Da Gama." Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6Th Edition (2011): 1. Middle Search Plus. Web. 11 Nov. 2011."Gama Route." Map. Wikipedia. MediaWiki, 18 Sept. 2008. Web. 11 Nov. 2011.

Vasco Da Gama reached India from Portugal using the route discovered by Dias

May 20, 1497

The significance of the discovery of this route is the fact that it was the goal of all the European nations and it had yet to be accomplished. Chrisopher Colombus and John Cabot were two major exploreres who set out looking for a route like this and mistakenly believed they had found it. Although not initally fantastic, this new form of worldwide trade would change everything. This didn't open much of a door for discovery but more for trade and profits.

"This voyage opened up a way for Europe to reach the wealth of the Indies, and out of it grew the Portuguese Empire."

May 20, 1497

Da Gama's voyage to India was the official evidence that the Indian Ocean wasn't secluded by itself as was believed but was connected to other oceans and other pieces of land. Presented as a major feat in this quote, Vasco Da Gama was the first european to make it all the way to India by sea and begin the trade with the Indies by sea. Of course, this was only made possible by the previous discovery by Bartolomeu Dias.

"Manuel I considered Cabral for command of another expedition to India but chose Da Gama instead"

Apr 22, 1500

I used this quote because it shows how the discovery and finding of Brazil was an accident. Although it was a big peice of land and discovery and they did finally reach India in the end, Cabral had lost ships and taken longer. This seems to show how during the beginning of discovery, people weren't as into the New World and new land but more focused on the trade advantage of the waterways, emphasizing the importance of Dias's and Da Gama's voyages.

Citation

Apr 22, 1500

"The Reformation Online Proudly Presents John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto), the Real Discoverer of the New World!!" The Reformation Online - The Most Timely, Scientific, and Patriotic Site on the Internet. 2009. Web. 11 Nov. 2011. http://www.reformation.org/cabotia.html.Parker, John. "Cabral, Pedro Álvares." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2011. Web. 11 Nov. 2011.

Pedro Álvares Cabral sailed to and claimed Braizil for Protugal

Apr 22, 1500

One of the first of the portugeuese explorers to beome involved in the exploration of the New World, Cabral's voyage was an aid to Portugal's development of a largs empire in the 16th century. His intent was to go to India following Dias's route but was pushed off course to southeastern Brazil, which he claimed for Portugal. Cabral was also conisdered for command of an expedition to India but Da Gama was chosen as the commander over him.

Citation

Sep 1, 1510

Delpar, Helen. "Balboa, Vasco Núñez de." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2011. Web. 11 Nov. 2011. "Darien 'The Isthumus of America'" Map. Nuestra Senor De La Antigua Del Darien. Panama History, 9 Nov. 2002. Web. 11 Nov. 2011. http://bruceruiz.net/PanamaHistory/antigua.htm.

Balboa founded the first European settlement, Santa Maria de la Antigua del Darien in South America for Spain.

Sep 1, 1510

Not only a discoverer and explorer of land, Balboa also was part of the first permanent settlement in South America. Unfortunately this was done with fighting with and killing of natives. This was one of Balboa's historical actions and although not having a huge impact or being well known it's still a significant accomplishment of his.

"Balboa became acting governor of Darien. He led expeditions into Panama, conquering some Indians and making agreements with others in the area"

Sep 1, 1510

Balboa and his fellow Spaniards accomplished what took other European nations much longer to do. Instead of just looking for trading routes to make trade and profit easier to come by, he helped begin the New World. Although not as significant or lasting an accomplishment as finding the Pacific Ocean, these first baby steps made by Spain in the cultivation of these new lands were necessary to the eventual involvement of the other Europeans nations.

"His findings opened Spanish exploration and conquest along the western coast of South America."

Sep 29, 1513

Regocnizing the importance of the discovery of the Pacific Ocean this quote also demonstrates that this finding opened up exploring and even more discoveries along the New World and within the Pacific.

Citation

Sep 29, 1513

Delpar, Helen. "Balboa, Vasco Núñez de." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2011. Web. 11 Nov. 2011. "Darien 'The Isthumus of America'" Map. Nuestra Senor De La Antigua Del Darien. Panama History, 9 Nov. 2002. Web. 11 Nov. 2011. http://bruceruiz.net/PanamaHistory/antigua.htm.

Vasco Nunez de Balboa became the first European to see the Pacific Ocean, traveled to it, and claimed it for Spain

Sep 29, 1513

By discovering the Pacific Ocean and claiming it for Spain Vaco Nunez de Balboa opened the western coast of South America for the Spanish to explore. Although he wasn't famous for exploring it, just the fact that Balboa extinguished the ignorance of it and made it possible for others to know this massive body of water existed made a huge difference. This lead to many explorations and discoveries, especially for Spain. The map of the globe was slowly being completed.

Ferdinand Magellan left Spain to start his expedition around the globe

Sep 20, 1519

This marks the beginning of a journey that changed more things than many think when they read about Magellan's trip around the world. He did what Colombus wanted to do and more. By starting off sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean to South America and searching for a passage into the Pacific Ocean he had already accomplished more than Colombus.

"After returning to Portugal from Morocco, Magellan studied astronomy and navigation for about two years in Porto, in northern Portugal. There, he met Ruy Faleiro, an astronomer and geographer who strongly influenced his ideas. Magellan's studies convince

Sep 20, 1519

Magellan was previously an experienced sailor before he went out and was obviously intelligent. From this quote we gather that he, like Christopher Colombus and nearly every other explorer was influenced by others. You can also tell from this quote that he may have had his own doubts but after much research and study he set out. Exploring wasn't just grabbing a boat and some men and going for it.

Citation

Sep 20, 1519

"Ferdinand Magellan." Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6Th Edition (2011): 1. Middle Search Plus. Web. 11 Nov. 2011.Seed, Patricia. "Magellan, Ferdinand." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2011. Web. 11 Nov. 2011.

"they discovered the passage to the Pacific—a passage known ever since as the Strait of Magellan."

Nov 1, 1520

By refering the Strait of Magellan as "the passage to the Pacific" indicates how important the finding of this passage was. Many had searched for a passage that would bring them through land instead of all the way around it into the Pacific Ocean and had failed or gotten distracted or confused by other discoveries.

Magellan discovered the "Magellan Straits" and became the first European to sail across the Pacific Ocean.

Nov 1, 1520

Magellan discovered and sailed through the Strait of Magellan, named after him, and into the Pacific Ocean, crediting him to be the first European to sail across this ocean. Shortly after he reaches and passes the Equator and continues to Guam. These are just stops and smaller discoveries along the way of a long and important journey but are just as significant. The "Strait of Magellan" was basically the Northwest Passage that many explorers gave up their money, men, families, and lives to find.

Citation

Nov 1, 1520

"Bartolomeu Dias Voyage." Map. Wikipedia. MediaWiki, 11 Nov. 2006. Web. 11 Nov. 2011."Ferdinand Magellan." Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6Th Edition (2011): 1. Middle Search Plus. Web. 11 Nov. 2011.Seed, Patricia. "Magellan, Ferdinand." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2011. Web. 11 Nov. 2011."Magellan's Voyage: 1519-1522." Map. World Book Advanced. World Book, 2011. World Book Online Reference Center. Web. 11 Nov. 2011.

Magellan reached the Marianas and 10 days later the Philippines, where he was killed (Apr. 27) while supporting one group of natives against another.

Mar 16, 1521

Although it is seen as sad that the man who set out on one of the most important voyages of the world and of all discoveries died before he got to see the end of it, in the phillippines it is still viewed differently. In the area where he was killed, a statue of his oppenent stands to represent the resistence of the filipino people against the Europeans.

Citation

Mar 16, 1521

Lapu Lapu Statue. Photograph. Dalahikan Galleries. Dalahikan. Web. 11 Nov. 2011. http://www.dalahikan.de/index.html. "Ferdinand Magellan." Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6Th Edition (2011): 1. Middle Search Plus. Web. 11 Nov. 2011.

The Philippines were "discovered" and Ferdinand Magellan was killed by natives in battle

Mar 16, 1521

Magellan's expedition arrive on the Phillippines which was a discover for the Europeans. Nearly done with the circumnaviation on April 27 Ferdinand Magellan was killed on Mactan in the Phillippines in battle. Although the captain of one of his ships, The Victoria, Juan Sebastián Elcano finished the voyage for him, Magellan is still given credit for the amazing discovery.

Juan Sebastián Elcano in The Victoria, one of the Magellan's five reaches Spain, completing the first circumnavigation of Earth.

Sep 6, 1522

By arriving in Spain, Elcano and the remaining survivors officially let the world know many things they had incorrectly assumed. First and foremost they proved, officially that the world was a globe (round). Circumnavigating the globe removed any and all theories that anyone had that the earth could still be flat. This discovery was used largely during the Renaissance as it proved that earth was round; contradicting the Church.

"Only the Victoria, commanded by Juan Sebastian del Cano, successfully continued its westward voyage back to Spain. The Victoria finally reached Sanlucar de Barrameda on Sept. 6, 1522, nearly three years after the voyage had begun. Only del Cano and 17 ot

Sep 6, 1522

This is the final and official stopping point of Magellan's voyage. This quote shows that of all of the men who went out on 18 returned but they returned to prove to all nations worldwide(not quite yet;) ) that the earth was circular. This proved many theories, especially the Church's teachings, wrong and brought lots of attention to the further exploration of the New World.

Citation

Sep 6, 1522

"European Exploration: 1400's and 1500's." Map. World Book Advanced. World Book. World Book Online Reference Center. Web. 11 Nov. 2011. "Ferdinand Magellan." Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6Th Edition (2011): 1. Middle Search Plus. Web. 11 Nov. 2011.Seed, Patricia. "Magellan, Ferdinand." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2011. Web. 11 Nov. 2011.Bohlander, Richard E. World Explorers and Discoverers. New York: Macmillan, 1992. Print.