us government timeline kd

By kdaniels04

  • Judiciary Act of 1789

    Judiciary Act of 1789
    Established a Three-tiered Judicial Structure
    1. District courts
    2. Circuit courts
    3. Supreme Court
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    Dual Federalism

    Both state and national governments were equal authorities operating within their own spheres of influence
    Strict reading
    National government only had powers listed in Constitution
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    The Marshall Court

    Began to expand the power of the Supreme Court

  • Gibbons v. Ogden

    Gibbons v. Ogden
    Right of a state legislature to award a monopoly to operate a steamship line between NY and NJ

  • Morrill Act

    Granted large tracts of land to states; states sold land and used money for colleges

  • Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882​

    Ended Chinese immigration to the US​

  • 16th amendment

    gave Congress authority to set a federal income tax
    Main source of US income

  • 17th Amendment

    Direct election of Senators
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    The New Deal Era

    The court saw Roosevelt's economic legislation as an assault on property rights​ ruled that some New Deal programs violated the Constitution​,Roosevelt served 12 years as president (1933-1945) and packed the court with nominees
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    Cooperative Federalism

    States and national governments worked together to deal with the Great Depression
    Many cases about FDR's New Deal reached the Supreme Court.

  • United States v. Miller (1939)

    Ruled 2nd Amendment does not protect the right to have all types of weapons

  • Minersville School District v. Gobitis (1940)

    The Supreme Court ruled that a child could be expelled for refusing to salute the American flag or recite the pledge (these actions violated the child’s religious beliefs)

  • Executive Order 9066 (1942)​

    FDR required all people of Japanese descent on the West Coast to report to "War Relocation Centers" (internment camps)​

  • West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette (1943)

    The court reversed itself and decided unity was not a sufficient reason to overrule religious beliefs.
    Freedom of Speech and of the Press

  • Korematsu v. United States (1944)​

    Court ruled the public’s safety was more important than rights of Japanese Americans.​

  • National Security Council

    Coordinates national security policy
    Brings together the top military, foreign affairs, and intelligence officials in the administration

  • Civil Rights Act of 1960​

    Empowered the federal government to actively engage in voter registration in places where voting discrimination had been found​

  • Equal Pay Act of 1963:

    Established equal pay for men and women​
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    Great Society

    Government program to eliminate poverty and social inequality
    Johnson created creative federalism, which released national funds to achieve national goals.

  • Civil Rights Act of 1964​

    Banned discrimination based on race, color, religion, gender, or national origin in voting, employment, and public accommodations​

  • Civil Rights Act of 1964

    Outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

  • Age Discrimination in Employment Act (1967)

    Protects applicants and employees of 40+ years old from discrimination based on age in hiring, promotion, discharge, compensation, privileges, etc. of employment.

  • War Powers Resolution

    President must consult with Congress before sending troops
    Congress can force the president to end use of military with a concurrent resolution

  • New federalism

    New federalism
    Returned some authority to state governments
    Ronald Reagan believed state governments could better provide services to the people

  • Harlow v. Fitzgerald (1982)

    Established the rationale for qualified immunity

  • Tennessee v. Garner (1985)

    Limited police use of lethal force

  • Graham v. Connor (1989)

    Juries must consider if the officer believed force was reasonable

  • Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)

    Prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general public.

  • Homeland Security

    Homeland Security
    Reorganization of agencies already in place

  • D.C. v. Heller (2008)

    Ruled 2nd Amendment right to bear arms includes the right to self defense

  • McDonald v. Chicago (2010)

    Ruled 2nd Amendment applies to federal, state, and local governments; upheld 2nd Amendment

  • Trump v. Hawaii (2018)

    Court ruled a ban on immigration from majority-Muslim countries did not violate the Establishment Clause ​