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Declaration of Independence
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articles of confederation
the original constitution -
Constitution
replaced articles of confederation as government -
10th amendment
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. -
11th amendment
The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State. -
Bill of Rights
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8th amendment
Excessive bail shall not be required -
1st amendments
Freedom of religion, speech, assembly, press, and petition -
2nd amendment
The right to bear arms -
3rd amendment
No quartering of soldiers -
4th amendment
Unreasonable searches and seizures are not permitted -
6th amendment
sets forth rights related to criminal prosecutions -
9th amendment
rights, retained by the people, that are not specifically enumerated in the Constitution -
5th amendment
addresses criminal procedure and other aspects of the Constitution -
7th amendment
This amendment codifies the right to a jury trial in certain civil cases and inhibits courts from overturning a jury's findings of fact -
Marbury v. Madison
was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in the United States, meaning that American courts have the power to strike down laws and statutes that they find to violate the Constitution of the United States. -
Louisiana Purchase Treaty
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12th amendment
The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, -
McCulloch v. Maryland
was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision that defined the scope of the U.S. Congress's legislative power and how it relates to the powers of American state legislatures. -
Gibbons v. Ogden
Gibbons v. Ogden, 22 U.S. 1, was a landmark decision in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that the power to regulate interstate commerce, granted to Congress by the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution, encompassed the power to regulate navigation. -
Dred Scott v. Sandford
was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court in which the Court held that the United States Constitution was not meant to include American citizenship -
Gettysburg address
Abe Lincoln -
13th amendment
abolition of slavery -
14th amendment
citizenship -
15th amendment
voting rights -
Civil Rights Cases
The Civil Rights Cases, 109 U.S. 3, were a group of five landmark cases in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments did not empower Congress to outlaw racial discrimination by private individuals. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that racial segregation laws did not violate the U.S. Constitution as long as the facilities for each race were equal in quality, a doctrine that came to be known as "separate but equal". -
17th amendment
direct election of senators -
16th amendment
federal income tax -
18th amendment
established the prohibition of alcohol in the United States. -
19th amendment
women's rights -
20th amendment
designed to remove the excessively long period of time a defeated president or member of Congress would continue to serve after his or her failed bid for reelection. -
21st amendment
delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited. -
West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish
West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish, 300 U.S. 379, was a decision by the United States Supreme Court upholding the constitutionality of state minimum wage legislation -
Korematsu v. United States
was a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court to uphold the exclusion of Japanese Americans from the West Coast Military Area during World War II. -
22nd amendment
term limits -
Brown vs. Board of Education
Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality. -
23rd amendment
extends the right to participate in presidential elections to the District of Columbia. -
Mapp v. Ohio
was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that the exclusionary rule, which prevents prosecutors from using evidence in court that was obtained -
Engel v. Vitale
Engel v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421, was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that it is unconstitutional for state officials to compose an official school prayer and encourage its recitation in public schools, due to violation of the First Amendment. -
Baker v. Carr
Baker v. Carr, 369 U.S. 186, was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that redistricting qualifies as a justiciable question under the Fourteenth Amendment, thus enabling federal courts to hear Fourteenth Amendment-based redistricting cases. -
Gideon v. Wainwright
was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision in which the Court ruled that the Sixth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution requires U.S. states to provide attorneys to criminal defendants who are unable to afford their own. -
24th amendment
prohibiting any poll tax in elections for federal officials. -
25th amendment
to the United States Constitution says that if the President becomes unable to do his job, the Vice President becomes the President -
Griswold v. Connecticut
Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479, was a landmark decision of the US Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that the Constitution of the United States protects the liberty of married couples to buy and use contraceptives without government restriction -
Miranda v. Arizona
was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution restricts prosecutors from using a person's -
Loving v. Virginia
Loving v. Virginia, 388 U.S. 1, was a landmark civil rights decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that laws banning interracial marriage violate the Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. -
Loving v. Virginia
Loving v. Virginia, 388 U.S. 1, was a landmark civil rights decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that laws banning interracial marriage violate the Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution -
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District, 393 U.S. 503, was a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court that defined First Amendment rights of students in U.S. public schools. -
26th amendment
The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age. -
United States v. United States District Court
United States v. U.S. District Court, 407 U.S. 297, also known as the Keith case, was a landmark United States Supreme Court decision that upheld, in a unanimous 8-0 ruling, the requirements of the Fourth Amendment in cases of domestic surveillance targeting a domestic threat. -
Roe v. Wade
was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that the Constitution of the United States protects a pregnant woman's liberty to choose to have an abortion without excessive government restriction. -
Texas v. Johnson
Texas v. Johnson, 491 U.S. 397, was a landmark decision of the US Supreme Court that invalidated prohibitions on desecrating the American flag, which at the time were enforced in 48 of the 50 states. -
27th amendment
No law varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened. -
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Planned Parenthood v. Casey, 505 U.S. 833, was a landmark United States Supreme Court case regarding abortion. -
Lawrence v. Texas
was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that sanctions of criminal punishment for those who commit sodomy are unconstitutional. -
District of Columbia v. Heller
District of Columbia v. Heller, 554 U.S. 570, was a landmark decision of the US Supreme Court ruling that the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution protects an individual's right to keep -
Federal Bureau of Investigation v. Fazaga
Federal Bureau of Investigation v. Fazaga is a pending United States Supreme Court case dealing with the use of law enforcement surveillance under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 and the state secrets privilege defense. -
Obergefell v. Hodges
is a landmark civil rights case in which the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the fundamental right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples by both the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. -
Timbs v. Indiana
Timbs v. Indiana, 586 U.S. ___, was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court dealt with the applicability of the excessive fines clause of the Constitution's Eighth Amendment to state and local governments in the context of asset forfeiture. -
Fulton v. City of Philadelphia
Fulton v. City of Philadelphia was a United States Supreme Court case dealing with litigation over discrimination of local regulations based on the Free Exercise Clause and Establishment Clause of First Amendment to the United States Constitution. -
Jones v. Mississippi
Jones v. Mississippi, 593 U.S. ___, was a United States Supreme Court case regarding the imposition of life sentences for juveniles. -
Cedar Point Nursery v. Hassid
Cedar Point Nursery v. Hassid, 594 U.S. ___, was a United States Supreme Court case involving eminent domain and labor relations. -
Torres v. Madrid
Torres v. Madrid was a United States Supreme Court case based on what constitutes a "seizure" in the context of the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution, in the immediate case, in the situation where law enforcement had attempted to use physical force to stop a suspect but failed to do so. -
Edwards v. Vannoy
Edwards v. Vannoy is a United States Supreme Court case involving the Court's prior decision in Ramos v. Louisiana, 590 U.S. ___, which had ruled that jury verdicts in criminal trials must be unanimous under the Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. -
Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski
Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski, 592 U.S. ___ is a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States, dealing with nominal damages to be awarded to individuals whose right to freedom of speech has been suppressed by an entity but subsequently rendered moot due to intervening circumstances. -
Caniglia v. Strom
was a United States Supreme Court case related to the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution's "community caretaking" exception. -
Borden v. United States
Borden v. United States was a United States Supreme Court case involving the classification of prior convictions for "violent felony" in application of Armed Career Criminal Act; the ACCA provides for enhanced sentencing for convicted criminals with three or more such felonies in their history -
Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc
Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc., 593 U.S. ___, was a legal case within the United States related to the nature of computer code and copyright law. -
Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta
Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta was a United States Supreme Court case dealing with the disclosure of donors to non-profit organizations. The case challenged California's requirement that requires non-profit organizations to disclose the identity of their donors in the state tax returns. -
Van Buren v. United States
Van Buren v. United States was a United States Supreme Court case dealing with the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act and its definition of "exceeds authorized access" in relation to one intentionally accessing a computer system they have authorization to access -
CVS Pharmacy, Inc. v. Doe
CVS Pharmacy, Inc. v. Doe is a pending United States Supreme Court case related to whether the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 provides a disparate impact cause of action for plaintiffs alleging disability discrimination -
Pereida v. Wilkinson
Pereida v. Wilkinson, 592 U.S. ___, was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that under the Immigration and Nationality Act an alien seeking to cancel a lawful removal order bears the burden of showing that he has not been convicted of a disqualifying offense.
