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A movement called socialism spread throughout Europe. Socialism is an economic and political philosophy that favors public, instead of private, control of property and income.
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Elias Howe's created the first sewing machine.
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California was admitted as a free state, but in the other territory acquired from Mexico, voters would decide the slavery issue for themselves.
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Elisha Otis develops a safety mechanism to prevent elevator car from suddenly falling.
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Divided the Nebraska Territory into Kansas and Nebraska.
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Southern proslavery forces attacked the free-state town of Lawrence, Kansas.
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Dred Scott an enslaved African American from MIssouri, sued for his freedom in 1846. Between 1834 and 1838 he lived with a master in Illinois, which is a free state, The Supreme Court said Scotts couldn't sue because African Americans were not citizens.
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The American Institute of Architecture was established to professionalize the practice.
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Abraham Lincoln who is a Republican, challenged Stephen Douglas who is a Democrat, to a series of debates.
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Rowland H. Macy opened what he called a department store in New York in 1858, it became the largest single store in America
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In 1859, Edwin Drake drilled what became the world's first oil well in Titusville, Pennsylvania.
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Charles Darwin published, On the Originof Species, saying animals evolved by a process called, "Natural Selection."
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Abraham Lincoln, Stephen Douglas, John Bell, and John Breckinridge were the candidates for the next president.
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Once Lincoln was elected, South Carolina dropped out of the Union.
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After South Carolina seceded from the Union, 6 other states also dropped the Union. All 7 states established, the Confederate States of America. The Confederate constitution stresses the independence of each state and the rights to secede
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Lincoln was sworn in as President.
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Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which freed 50,000 slaves. Whoever was in the rebellion againt the United States would be free.
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The Union succeeded in capurting Vicksburg, Mississippi. Advancing from Louisiana side of the Mississippi River, Union General, Ulysses S. Grant scored 5 victories in 3 weeks, ending with the surrender of 30,000 Confederate troops
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Congress passes a draft law saying, all able-bodied men between 20-45 have to serve in the military. In New York City, white workers attacked free African Americans as well as wealthy New Yorkers who were able to pay a fee to avoid military service.
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Union troops defeated Lee at the town of Gettysburg.
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In Virginia town of Appomattox Court House, Lee Surrendered to Grant.
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Lincoln gets assassinated at a play.
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The 14th Amendment was ratified.
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Uriah Smith Stephens founded a Labor Union called Knights of Labor.
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The number of corporations in America increased dramatically.
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Samuel Tilden and Rutherford B. Hayes were running for the election, Hayes won.
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Alexander Graham Bell made the first telephone.
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The National League organized it into a business.
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Striking workers, responding to wage cuts, caused massive property desetruction in several cities.
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Thomas Edison creates the electric light blub.
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This is act prohibited immigration by Chinese laborers, limited the civil rights of Chinese immigrants already in the United States, and forbade the naturalization of Chinese residents.
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Lamarcus Thompson opened the world's first roller coaster, at 10 cents a ride.
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By 1885, the Knights had grown to include 700,000 men and women nationwide, or every race and ethnicity.
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Samuel Gompers formed the (AFL)
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United States Senate created the (ICC) to oversee railroad operations.
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In Richmond, Virginia introduced a revolutionary: streetcars powered by overhead electric cables.
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The Senate passed the Sherman Antitrust Act, which outlawed trusts.
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European immigrants arrived in New York Harbor, they were processed at Ellis Island
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Boston made the first nations subway system, New York followed in 1904.
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In which white people of all different nationalities blended to create a single culture, this did not include Asian immigrants.