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Dwight D. Eisenhower
sourcesourceDwight D. Eisenhower was elected president in 1953. While campaigning he promised to put an end to the Korean War. When his term started one of the first things Eisenhower did was personally travel to Korea and settle a truce between the North and South Koreans. Then in November 1956 Eisenhower was relected for his second term and while in this term one of major domestic affairs he dealt with was the affair in Little Rock, Arkansas, when degragation of school started to take place. -
French leave Vietnam
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Vietnamese forces occupy the French command center at Dien Bien Phu and the French commander orders his troops to cease fire. The battle had lasted 55 days. Three thousand French troops were killed, 8,000 wounded. The Viet Minh suffered much worse, with 8,000 dead and 12,000 wounded, but the Vietnamese victory shattered France's resolve to carry on the war. -
Creation of the SCLC
sourceMartin Luther King, Charles K. Steele, and Fred L. Shuttlesworth establish the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, of which King is made the first president. The SCLC becomes a major force in organizing the civil rights movement and bases its principles on nonviolence and civil disobedience. -
John F. Kennedy
John F. Kennedy was the 35th president of the United States and during his presidency had to deal with many foreign affairs such as the Bay of Pigs Invasion, The Cuban Missile Crisis, and the building of the Berlin Wall. Domestically he had to deal with the Civil Rights movement. Kennedy was killed by an assassin on Nov 22, 1963. http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/johnfkennedy -
Birmingham Protest
MLK Jr. is arrested during the Birmingham civil rights protest. During the protest the commissioner of Public Safety Eugene "Bull" Conner used dogs and fire hoses against the protestors as well extreme force. The protest became even more successful once the Birmingham jail fillled up with too many protestors. The protest got the nations attention and showed the world how serious the Civil Rights Movement was. http://www.infoplease.com/spot http://www.infoplease.com/spot/civilrightstimeline1.html -
March on Washington
Around 200,000 people join the March on Washington. Congregating at the Lincoln Memorial, participants listen as Martin Luther King delivers his famous "I Have a Dream" speech. This entire event was televised which helped further the civil rights cause and get more attention both from the nation and the world. http://www.infoplease.com/spot/civilrightstimeline1.html -
Birmingham Bombing
Four young girls attending Sunday school are killed when a bomb explodes at the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church, a popular location for civil rights meetings. Riots erupt in Birmingham, leading to the deaths of two more black youths. -
Lyndon B. Johnson
During Lyndon B. Johnsons presidency he started the Great Society which was Johnsons agenda for Congress. Many of these programs aimed to help the country domestically. Johnson also enacted many policies against discrimination and also limited the bombing of Norh Vietnam in order to initiate negotiations. http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/lyndonbjohnson -
24th Amendment
The 24th Amendment abolishes the poll tax, which originally had been instituted in 11 southern states after Reconstruction to make it difficult for poor blacks to vote.
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Neshoba Country Murders
sourceThe bodies of three civil-rights workers—two white, one black—are found in an earthen dam, six weeks into a federal investigation backed by President Johnson. James E. Chaney, 21; Andrew Goodman, 21; and Michael Schwerner, 24, had been working to register black voters in Mississippi, and, on June 21, had gone to investigate the burning of a black church. They were arrested by the police on speeding charges, incarcerated for several hours, and then released after dark into the hands of the KKK. -
Malcom X
Malcom X, black nationalist and founder of the Organization of Afro-American Unity is shot to death. The assailants are believed to be members of the Black Muslim Faith, which Malcom X left to become a member of orthodox Islam.
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Voting Rights Act of 1965
Congress passes the Voting Rights Act of 1965. As a result it makes it easier for Southern blacks to register to vote. Literacy tests, poll taxes, and other such requirements that were used to restrict black voting are made illegal. This law allows Blacks to have the proper say in their state/country.
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Operation Starlite
After a deserter from the 1st Vietcong regiment reveals that an attack is imminent against the U.S. Marine base at Chu Lai, the American army launches Operation Starlite. In this, the first major battle of the Vietnam War, the United States scores a resounding victory. Ground forces, artillery from Chu Lai, ships and air support combine to kill nearly 700 Vietcong soldiers. U.S. forces sustain 45 dead and more than 200 wounded.
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The Black Panthers
In October of 1966, in Oakland California, Huey Newton and Bobby Seale founded the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense in Oakland California. The Panthers practiced militant self-defense of minority communities against the U.S. government, and fought to establish revolutionary socialism through mass organizing and community based programs.
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Tet offensive
On the Tet holiday, Vietcong units surge into action over the border of South Vietnam. In more than 100 cities and towns, shock attacks by Vietcong sapper-commandos are followed by wave after wave of supporting troops. By the end of the city battles, 37,000 Vietcong troops deployed for Tet have been killed. Many more had been wounded or captured, and the fighting had created more than a half million civilian refugees.
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Martin Luther King Jr. Death
MLK Jr. is assasinated at the age of 39 years old in Memphis Tennessee. The assassin James Earl Ray is arrested in London from there is extradited back into the United States. Many of Kings family members believed there was a conspiracy carried out by the U.S government involving Kings death.
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Richard Nixon
During Nixons presidency he accomplished many things abroad and domestically as well. He visited Moscow and Beijing in 1972 and helped reduced world tensions. While in Moscow Nixon and Leonid I. Brezhnev produced a treaty to limit strategic nuclear arms. In 1973 Nixon announced to end U.S involvement in Indochina. Nixon resigned from the presidency in August 8, 1974 due to the Watergate Scandal.
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Operation Linebacker
By order of pres Nixon, a new bombing campaign starts against the North Vietnamese. Operation Linebacker Two lasts for 12 days, including a three day bombing period by up to 120 B-52s. Strategic surgical strikes are planned on fighter airfields, transport targets and supply depots in and around Hanoi and Haiphong. U.S. aircraft drop more than 20,000 tons of bombs in this operation. Twenty-six U.S. planes are lost, and 93 airmen are killed, captured or missing. http://www.pbs.org/battlefieldvietn -
Fall of Saigon
sourceAt 4:03 a.m., two U.S. Marines are killed in a rocket attack at Saigon's Tan Son Nhut airport. They are the last Americans to die in the Vietnam War. At dawn, the last Marines of the force guarding the U.S. embassy lift off. Only hours later, looters ransack the embassy, and North Vietnamese tanks role into Saigon, ending the war. In 15 years, nearly a million NVA and Vietcong troops and a quarter of a million South Vietnamese soldiers have died. Civilian caulities are also extremely high.
