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Lincoln won the election of 1860, but he did not win the popular vote.
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Newly invented, labor-saving machinery enabled the North to expand economically. Mechanical reapers vesting capacity.
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A dispute over slavery between the North and the South, the Union and the Confederacy determined what kind of nation the country would be. At the end, the North won.
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In early 1861, after enough anti-tariff Southern members had seceded, Congress passed the Morrill Tariff Act. It was a high protective tariff that increased duties by 5%-10%. This was designed to raise additional revenue and provide more protection for the Northern manufacturers.
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The Emancipation Proclamation called for the freeing of all slaves in Confederate territory, except in locations where the Union had mostly regained control. The North now had a much stronger moral cause. It had to preserve the Union and free the slaves.
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On April 14, 1865, President Lincoln was shot and killed at Ford's Theater by southerner, John Wilkes Booth. Andrew Johnson took over as President.
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