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“No one commits an evil act knowingly and doing wrong arises out of ignorance”.
A person will commit only moral evil if he lacks moral knowledge. Sometimes, a person may have knowledge but he deliberately commits an evil act to satisfy his hidden motive. He believes that people only do wrong when at the moment the perceived benefits seem to outweigh the cost. Example, cheating on a test even though students knows that it is morally wrong to do so but still continue to do so that they’ll pass. -
“It is only being virtuous that we can hope to be happy” Plato’s main concern is to challenge the views most people have about goodness, for it is here that they go disastrously wrong in trying to live happy life. People would often do things that are morally wrong like some politicians stealing money from the government because they think that it will make their lives better. -
“To be happy, live a life of moderation” Aristotle argues that most virtues fall at a mean between extreme character traits. To maintain a better life, we should try to live with self-restraint. Anything too much or too little is bad for us. Having fun, playing games and watching drams or series are fun but you should also remember to make time for other things in life because life is not just about enjoying and having fun. -
“Do what produces the greatest good for the greatest number” What makes an act right is its consequences and nor the motive of the action. Utilitarianism states that pleasure and happiness are valuable, that pain and suffering are disvaluable, and anything else has value only in its causing happiness/ preventing suffering. Example, when deciding in an organization who wants to help, it is expected that they help people and provide as much as possible since it is the group’s goal. -
“Humans beings are basically selfish creatures who would do anything to improve their position” People would act on their evil impulses if left alone for themselves; therefore, they should not be trusted to make decisions on their own. There are cases in which people sabotage the work of others to ensure that they will be the best. -
“If a person could not act otherwise, then his or her act can have no moral worth” Each may pursue happiness as they see fit provided that their pursuit does not infringe upon other’s similar pursuits. Example, everyone has the right to not support the marriage of others but you should also not prevent others, specifically members of the LGBT+ community from legalizing their marriage, by law, if they want to. You can do whatever you want as long as it doesn’t limit others in anyway.