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During 1850s and 1860s, Transatlantic telegraph cables are laid with progressive improvements (Colburn, 2016).
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An Investigation of the Laws of Thought by George Boole presents a form of algebra that would become the foundation of Boolean logic used in search engines.
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Dewey Decimal system published while aiding trend to organize information in a better way.
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American Library Association was founded in 1876(American Library Association, 2019).
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American Institute of Electrical Engineers forms in 1884.
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Herman Hollerith tabulation machine used in United States 1890 census beginning trend of using machines for complex operations (Halavais, 2009, p. 11).
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1897 Library of Congress opens to public (Library of Congress, n.d.).
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H.E. Soper invention that uses the presence of light to indicate that a match is found within a set of catalogue cards that have individualized holes in them is granted U.S. patent (Sanderson, & Croft, 2012).
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Emanuel Goldberg files U.S. patent for a microfilm device that shows a catalogued image when an exact match is found by overlaying certain letters or dots in a reference image (Sanderson, & Croft, 2012).
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Church-Turing Thesis published laying foundation for computer science.
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Methoden der mathematischen Physik. II by Richard Courant and David Hilbert gains wider publication spreading the terminology "eigenwerte" which would later be used as eigenvalue in Pagerank search algorithm. (Copson, 1938; Page, Brin, Motwani, Winograd, 1999).
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Claude Elwood Shannon writes A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits in Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers thereby applying Boolean algebra to electrical switching circuits (Nahin, 2012, p. 38).
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ENIAC is developed using mercury delay lines for increased storage (Hagen, & Krapp, 2016, pp. 236-237).
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Vannevar Bush writes "As We May Think" in the Atlantic describing the Memex, an information storage and retrieval device (Bush, 1945). Pre-media-ecology style can be found in this work.
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In 1949, EDSAC calculating computer uses ultrasonic tanks for storage (Wilkes, & Renwick, 1950).
