Timeline part one

By samah22
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    The Early Courts

    Judicial review existed in several states under Articles of Confederation—not articles or Constitution. Powers of judicial were least clearly defined of all branches. No judicial review before Marbury vs Madison, so courts of this era had least impact of any.

  • Chisolm vs. Georgia

    Lone landmark case of this era—determined states may be held liable. Led to adoption of 11th amendment (1793).
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    Marshall Court

  • Marbury vs. Madison

    Established Judicial review.

  • Martin vs. Hunters Lessee

    This court case established that the Supreme Court could consider appeals from the state courts.

  • United States vs. Segui

    This case was about upholding the validity of a Spanish land grant in Florida.
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    Taney Court

    Taney was known for favoring the power of the states in many of his cases. He also stated that slaves were property and had no rights whatsoever.

  • Charles River Bridge vs. Warren Bridge

    Contract clause of the Constitution

  • The Amistad

    "both slavery and slave trade were legal in Spain, provided the slaves were of Spanish origin (or originated in Spanish overseas territories). Both Montez and Ruiz were Spanish citizens, the Amistad was a Spanish ship, and the slaves were bought and sold in Cuba, which was then a Spanish territory.
    However, under the law of the United States, slave trade was illegal in 1841. Accordingly, one important legal question was whether the Africans were Spanish citizens -- and therefore susceptible."

  • Heart of Atlanta Motel vs. United States

    This case was a landmark United States Supreme Court case that decided that the United States Congress would be able to use the Constitution's Commerce Clause power to force private businesses to abide by the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
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    Reconstruction Era

    The Reconstruction Era was the period after the Civil War in which America was repairing itself from all of the damage of the war. The south was completley devestated after the war, as well as families. Many people were killed in this war, and many were labeled as missing. This era helped Americans to get back on their feet and reunite with eachother as a united country.

  • Texas vs. White

    This case argued that Texas was still a state and would not have to undergo the reconstruction process since it had never seceded from the country.

  • United States vs. Cruikshank

    This court case restricted the Congress' ability to enforce the Ku Klux Klan Act of 1871. It ruled that only the states had the right to prosecute Klansmen under the law
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    Pre- New deal Era

  • Truax vs. Corrigan

    The court ruled that picketing violates the Fourteenth Amendment’s Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause.This confirmed the pro-business, anti-labor bias of the court under Chief Justice Taft. This decision would be later challenged in a similar case and overturned with the Senn v. Tile Layers Union

  • Nebbia vs. New York

    Nebbia v. New York
    The court decision determined that New York state could regulate the prices of milk from Farmers, and dealers. The decision corresponded to the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments directing the process how regulation can occur, not condemning it.It was decided that a state “may adopt an economic policy to promote public welfare, and enforce such policy by appropriate legislation” according to Justice Roberts.
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    New Deal Era

  • West Coast Hotel Co. vs. Parrish

    1. Upholds the constitutionality of the minimum wage legislation enacted by Washington State.
    2. Overturns the Adkins v. Children’s Hospital decision of 1923.
    3. Generally regarded as the decision ending the “Lockner Era” where the court struck down legislation towards business regulation

  • National Labor Relations Board vs. Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation

    1. Declares that the Wagner Act of 1935 was constitutional
    2. This also eliminated the “New Deal Era” legislation on economic policy
    3. It increased the power of Congress in creating a more liberal thinking as part of the Commerce Clause.

  • United States vs. Butler

    1. This decision ruled that the taxes created by the 1933 Agricultural Adjustment Act were unconstitutional.
    2. The justices based this on the Act violated the tenth amendment.
    3. This case was the starting point for further turmoil within the judiciary branch regarding economic policy and regulation.
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    Warren Court

    The Warren Court refers to the Supreme Court of the United States between 1953 and 1969, when Earl Warren served as Chief Justice. Warren led a liberal majority that used judicial power in dramatic fashion, to the consternation of conservative opponents. The Warren Court expanded civil rights, civil liberties, judicial power, and the federal power in dramatic ways.

  • Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka

    On May 17th, the Supreme court announced the decision of the Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka case. They ruled that “separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.” This overturned their previous ruling in the case of Plessy vs. Ferguson in 1896. This case was a historic step in the journey toward equality in United States Education.

  • Roth vs. United States

    Along with its companion case, Alberts v. California, was a landmark case before the United States Supreme Court which redefined the Constitutional test for determining what constitutes obscene material unprotected by the First Amendment.

  • National Defense Education Act

    In the National Defense Education Act (NDEA), science and the knowledge of education become important concerns of the United States. The NDEA increased the amount of funding that is given to schools for science, math, and foreign language education.

  • Griswold vs. Connecticut

    Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479 (1965),[1] was a landmark case in which the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the Constitution protected a right to privacy. The case involved a Connecticut law that prohibited the use of contraceptives. By a vote of 7–2, the Supreme Court invalidated the law on the grounds that it violated the "right to marital privacy".

  • Elementary and Secondary Education Act

    On April 9th, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act was passed. This act was a part of Lyndon Johnson’s “war on Poverty.” It provided federal funding to help low income students, which resulted in the “initiation of educational programs such as Title I and bilingual education.”

  • Project Head Start

    Project Head Start is an educational preschool program for children who come from low income families. It begins as an eight week summer program and is part of the “War of Poverty.” The program continues to this day and is the “longest running anti-poverty program in the United States.”

  • The Higher Education Act

    The Higher Education Act was created to increase federal aid to higher education and provide scholarships and student loans to students. It was signed at Southwest Texas State College on November 8th.

  • Miranda vs. Arizona

    This was a landmark 5–4 decision of the United States Supreme Court. The Court held that both inculpatory and exculpatory statements made in response to interrogation by a defendant in police custody will be admissible at trial only if the prosecution can show that the defendant was informed of the right to consult with an attorney before and during questioning and of the right against self-incrimination prior to questioning by police, and that the defend
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    Burger Court

    Warren E. Burger was most famous for their rulings that dealt with the first amendment.

  • In re Winship

    This case ruled that when a juvenile is charged with an act which would be a crime if committed by an adult, every element of the offense must be proved beyond a reasonable doubt

  • In re Stolar

    This case ruled that a state cannot require bar applicants to list every organization he or she belonged to since starting law school--decided same day as Baird v. State Bar of Arizona

  • Roe vs. Wade

    This court case was greatly known for its right to have an abortion under some circumstances.

  • Penn Central station vs. New York.

    Penn Central Transportation Co. v. New York
    This decision was based on the regulation of property to the extent of eminent domain without actually seizing the property.Penn Central believed that they were not receiving adequate return on their investment on a property because the building was determined to be a landmark and was given rights to financial gain as the space was used before its landmark designation.. The court found New York’s claim to financial gain.
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    Rehnquist Era

  • Arizona vs. Hicks

    This case was thought to be the cause relating to the plain view doctrine under the fourth amendment.

  • Board of Airport commissioners of Los Angeles vs. Jews for Jesus, Inc.

    "Constitutionality of broad free speech prohibitions"

  • Rasul vs. Bush

    "jurisdiction over foreign nationals detained in Guantanamo Bay."
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    Roberts Court Era

    National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius, No. 11-393 In a surprising decision where conservative Chief Justice Roberts joined the liberal minority, Roberts cited, among others, McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) from the Warren era in perhaps the most Federalist decision since the New Deal. (U.S. Supreme Court, 567 U.S. (2012))

  • Cohens vs. Virginia

    Reinforced Martin vs. Hunters Lessee.