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The Wild Boy of Aveyron
An 11-12 year old boy, later called "The Wild Boy of Aveyron" was found in the woods in a small village in south-central France. The boy named Victor was declared an "incurable idiot" by Philippe Pinel (founder of Psychiatry). -
Jean-Marc Gaspard Itard
Itard began taking care of Victor. He used various interventions to teach the boy to recognize words and letters as well as take care of himself. Itard placed importance on providing an enriched environment in remediating deficits. -
Laura Bridgman
Laura is a woman who lost her vision, hearing, smell, and taste due to scarlet fever. In 1837 she came to the Perkins Institute for the Blind to work with Howe. He created a method to teach her based on her sense of touch. This method was later used to teach Helen Keller. -
Edouard Seguin
Edouard Seguin, who previously studied under Itard, created the first school to educate students with intellectual disabilities. -
Physiological Method
Seguin created the Physiological Method and wrote about it in his text called Traitement Moral, Hygiene, et Education des Idiots. -
Samuel Gridley
Samuel Gridley established the first American public school for children with disabilities in Boston Massachusetts. -
First Public Classes
The first public classes where allowed for children with disabilities in Boston and Providence, RI. -
Department of Special Ed
The National Education Asocciation created a Department of Special Education. -
Classes in Chicago Public Schools
Classes were opened for "crippled" children in Chicago Public Schools. -
Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale
Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon were asked by the "Free Society for the Psychological Study of the Child" to create a measure of intelligence in students based on whether they were succeeding in school or not. -
Goddard Releases a Report
Goddard released a report called School Training of Defective Children. This report stated his belief that the their was great importance in using the Binet-Simon to identify children with disabilities. Elizabeth Farrell argued against this belief. She poked holes in the test materials and stated that children with disabilities should not be placed in a separate school district. -
Council for Exceptional Children
Elizabeth Farrell and her students from teacher college created the International Council for the Education of Exceptional Children, now called CEC. -
Parent Groups Begin Forming
Parents of children with disabilities begin forming groups in the 1930s. These groups begin to grow more post WWII years. -
The Arc of the United States
Representatives from 23 parent groups meet in Minnesota to form the National Association of Parents and Friends of Mentally Retarded Children, later called the National Association for Retarded Children. -
P.L. 85-926
The Arc advocated for funding and legislation. They also pushed for P.L. 85-926 which was an act to encourage expansion of teaching children with disabilities. This provides support for university training programs for those in special education. -
Presidents Panel on Mental Retardation
President Kennedy established the Presidents Panel on Mental Retardation. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
This act made sure that all students, including those with disabilities can be educated in public schools. This act includes providing free education, due process, special education for ages 3-21, zero reject, and LRE. -
1990 IDEA Amendments
Bush signed the law with 6 pillars. FAPE, LRE, IEP, evaluation, parent/student participation, and procedural safeguards were all covered in the amendment. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
This act was signed by George W. Bush, stating that Americans with disabilities will have the same rights as those without therefore they should not be discriminated against in work, school, the community, etc.This is now known as IDEA. -
No Child Left Behind Act
The No Child Left Behind Act is signed by President Bush. -
Reauthorization of IDEA
This reauthorization included changes to the IEP, due process, and student discipline.