-
This system enacted two different tracks, one for the more privileged and one for "laborers". While it did provide education for both, it mainly allowed the privileged to thrive and the laborers to fall behind. -
Mayor DeWitt Clinton saw the inequalities in only having private or church-run schools, so he along with others formed the New York Free School Society in which more underprivileged kids could also participate in public education. -
This high school was originally created to provide education to working-class boys in preparation for continuing on in their working-class life. -
This school was instituted as a reformation school for boys who were juvenile offenders. This school housed over 300 young boys. -
In another attempt to assimilate Native American children, they were forced to go to white, English-speaking schools for their education. After this law was enacted, children found themselves being severely punished for speaking in their native language, which only hindered their education. -
In 1892, Homer Plessy decided to take the empty seat in the whites-only section of the train, which led him to jail. Plessy filed a complaint claiming this action violated his rights given to him by the 14th amendment. The court decided that segregation across all fields was “separate but equal,” a decision that hugely impacted the large population of people of color. This decision implied no harm in segregation, increasing the prevalent racial inequality across all fields, especially education -
This was the country's largest non-profit testing and assessment center, which was created through a merge of three other testing services. -
Oliver Brown filed a lawsuit against the "separate but equal" claim. Brown, along with the NAACP, decided that enough was enough. Brown’s case was combined with four other cases brought before the Supreme Court, which ultimately ruled that segregated schools were “inherently unequal.” The ruling did not fully desegregate schools across the nation but paved the way for other states to follow suit, allowing schools to be integrated and achieving a small win for racial equality in schools -
This ruling denied the school board in Little Rock, Arkansas to keep schools segregated and opened the doors for the Little Rock Nine to integrate into a previously all-white school, a monumental decision in education history. -
Ruled official school prayers unconstitutional. Vitale's main argument was forcing children into prayer was violating their First Amendment rights. -
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 did not protect against sex discrimination when working in an educational setting. Bernice Sandler brought forward arguments claiming well-qualified women working at the University of Maryland were being replaced by men. Passed in 1972, this amendment banned discrimination based on sex in schools and other education departments, which Patsy Mink later protected. This act amended the previous Civil Rights Act and saved the future of female educators. -
Desegregated busing of public school students in 53 school districts in Detroit. This led to white students being more equally distributed across the metropolitan area of Detroit, causing a majority of them to leave and only increasing this segregation. -
Tommy Smith was removed from his public school and placed in a mental health facility because he had cerebral palsy. This evoked congress to pass this act which provided education for handicapped students and ensured they had access to equal education. The Disability Rights Center lobbied against attempts to weaken this act. While this act provided a better schooling system for handicapped children, students with learning disabilities would not see the same inclusive education until 1990. -
This act gave assistance to Native American children going to college in schools that were owned by Tribal governments. -
Two policies were put into place hindering undocumented students from attending public schools. The court stated each child’s case would need to be further examined before jumping to decide they cannot have access to free public education. This case only applied to children in grades K-12. Undocumented children were still unable to utilize in-state tuition or scholarships for college, which only strengthened the racial inequality gap for years to come. -
Established a public school official can search their students in a school environment after a student, T.L.O, had their bag searched in suspicion of having cigarettes and other marijuana paraphernalia. -
Deciding how far free speech really goes in public schools after a student gave a "sexually suggestive" speech at a school assembly. This ruling decided that public schools do have the right to punish a student for using indecent language. -
This act made certain that all students with disabilities would receive equal and free public education. This act amended the previous Education of All Handicapped Children Act. -
Prohibit undocumented people from using services in California, including free public education -
Outlawed affirmative action in public education
Looking for a timeline maker?
Create timelines for projects, roadmaps, history, lessons, legal cases, and stories with Timetoast. Timetoast is a timeline maker for work, school, research, and stories.