Timeline for Mussolini and Fascist Italy

Formation of an Independent Italy

Apr 17, 1861

This picture shows the kingdom of italy in 1861. This was the year Italy began its quest for independence. They claimed nearly the entire peninsula, and formed a rule to lead it.

Papal States taken over by new nation of Italy

1870

This image shows the papal states that were taken over by Italy. These states were taken as a result of a vote held by Italy. These votes gave Italy control of the Papal states and Rome.

Failure of First Italo-Ethiopian War with the Battle of Adowa (Adwa)

1895

This picture shows the Italian army being outnumbered and pushed back by the Ethiopian army. Italy tried to invade Ethiopia to gain more land, but due to them being heavily outnumbered, and after many mass casualties, the Italians accepted defeat.

Italy invades and takes over Libya

Oct 4, 1911

This picture shows the Italian troops invading Libya. The Italians took Tripoli, the capital of Libya, on October 5th, 1911. This was lasted until march 11, 1912

Mussolini begins work as editor for the Socialist Party newspaper Avanti

1912

This picture shows Mussolini's first paper for the newspaper in 1912. This paper was so successful he was instantly promoted to the editor of the paper. Mussolini used this to spread his ideas, primarily the idea that Italy should not intervene with World War 1.

when Mussolini kicked out of Socialist Party for pro-nationalistic sentiments regarding WW I

1912

This image shows a newspaper at the time Mussolini was kicked out of the Socialist Party. He was kicked out due to his stance on Italy and WW1. He believed Italy should join WW1 and disagreed with the parties stance of neutrality.

Treaty of London

Apr 26, 1915

This picture shows Italian borders. The Treaty of London was a secret treaty between the allies and Italy. The Allies wanted Italy to fight with them, as they shared a border with Austria and they could provide benefits. They were promised land for helping.

Beginning of Biennio Rosso

1919

This image shows the Italian army during the Biennio Rosso. This was a 2 year period post World War 1. There was extreme tensions within Italy.

Fascio di Combattimento formed in Milan

Mar 23, 1919

This photo is the symbol for the Fascio di Combattimento. This was formed in Milan. They were created as essentially a private military for Mussolini during the Biennio Rosso.

D’Annunzio takes Fiume

Sep 12, 1919

This picture shows the Italian army after taking Fiume. D'Annunzio decided to take the city from his sick-bed.

Mussolini forms Alliance with Giolitti

1921

This is a picture of Mussolini with Giolitti together. This represents the alliance formed between them because they are formally friends and partnered together.

Mussolini forms the PNF and is elected leader

Nov 9, 1921

This pictures shows Mussolini on a horse in front of a bunch of his supporters doing the old roman salute. This represents his formation of the PNF and becoming leader because it shows how he was accepted as leader by the fascist and is in the center of the picture.

March on Rome and Mussolini becomes Prime Minister

Oct 28, 1922

This picture represents the march on Rome and Mussolini become prime minister because it shows some people marching into rome in the background and a large heroic picture of Mussolini in the right side representing his power as a prime minister.

Acerbo Law Passed

1923

This picture represents the passing of the Acerbo law because it shows the king and Mussolini discussing the law over the table and seemingly writing it into place.

Corfu Incident

1923

This picture represents the Corfu Incident because it shows the naval bombardment that Mussolini sent to corfu.

Matteotti Crisis

1924

This picture shows a black shirt fascist holding a shotgun to Matteotti. This represents the Matteotti Crisis because it started with mussolini ordering Matteotti to die shown in this picture and caused a lot of chaos and crisis.

Aventine Secession

1925

This represents the Aventine Secession because it shows the original one by romans which is what the italian secession is based on.

Battle for Grain

1925

this picture shows Mussolini standing on a harvesting machine to represent the battle for grain and mussolini's drive for bigger production of bread and cereal.

Locarno treaty Signed

Dec 1, 1925

This picture represents the treaty of Locarno signing because it shows the foreign office in London where the Locarno treaty was signed with everyone participating inside.

battle for Land and Battle for the Lira

1926

This picture represents the battle for land because it shows the Italian people removing marshes from the land in order to meet the new land requirements by Mussolini.

Battle for Births

1927

This picture shows Mussolini standing with women as he urges the women of Italy to get pregnant whenever they can to raise the population by 20 million in 20 years. He wanted to increase the power of the Italian empire.

Kellogg-Briand Treaty signed

Aug 27, 1927

The picture shows the countries that participated in WWI sign one of many efforts to prevent another world war.

Lateran Treaty with Pope

Feb 11, 1928

This picture shows the Pope and Mussolini signing a treaty that would have the Catholics recognize Italy as a state with a capitol of Rome while the Pope assumes power over the Vatican.

Abyssinian crisis

Dec 5, 1934

The picture shows the Italian plan to invade Abyssinia (Ethiopia) to gain resources and for land for unemployed Itialians.

Stresa Front

1935

The picture shows the blue countries that agreed to oppose Hitlers intention to reunify Germany which would oppose the Treaty of Versailles.

Italian Involvement in the Spanish Civil War

1935

The picture shows how Italy was controlling Spain in a sense as they used their navy to break the blockade of the Republican party over the Spanish Nationalist Party

Rome-Berlin Axis Treaty signed

Oct 25, 1936

The picture shows Mussolini and Hitler standing together as Italy and Germany joined the 2 facist countries together.

Munich confrence

Sep 30, 1937

The picture shows the European countries allowing Germany to assume the Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia) which held many ethnic Germans. This also meant the Hitler would not invade the rest of Czechoslovakia.

Italy invades Albania

Apr 7, 1938

The picture shows Italy taking over Albania to control the straights of Otranto which protects them from an easy attack.

Italy enters WWII on the side of Germany

1940

Seeing that France was about to fall and the end of the war seemed close, Italy joined German hoping for territorial gains.

Mussolini brought down by a coup

Sep 24, 1942

The picture shows a headline showing that Mussolini was kicked out of his power because council member Dino Grandi proposed a vote of no confidence which passed with 19 votes for, 8 votes against, and 1 vote of no decision.

Mussolini killed

Apr 28, 1945

Mussolini attemped to flee Italy to Switzerland but his plan failed which led to his execution. WWII ended just a little later.