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Colossus
Colossus was an electronic digital computer, built during World War II from over 1700 valves (tubes). It was used to break the codes of the German Lorenz SZ-40 cipher machine that was used by the German High Command. Colossus is sometimes referred to as the world's first fixed program, digital, electronic, computer. It was developed and built before the American ENIAC computer. -
Harvard Mark I
The IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator, by Harvard University’s staff was a general-purpose electromechanical computer that was a general-purpose electromechanical computer that was used in the war effort during the World War II. One of the first programs to run on the Mark I was initiated by John von Neumann. Other sections of the original machine were transferred to IBM and the Smithsonian Institution. -
ENIAC
Was the first electronic general-purpose digital computer. It was Turing-complete, and able to solve "a large class of numerical problems" through reprogramming. It had a speed on the order of one thousand times faster than that of electro-mechanical machines; this computational power, coupled with general-purpose programmability, excited scientists and industrialists alike. The combination of speed and programmability allowed for thousands more calculations for problems. -
Transistor
Is a semiconductor device with at least three terminals for connection to an electric circuit. The vacuum-tube triode, also called a (thermionic) valve, was the transistor's precursor, introduced in 1907. John Bardeen, Walter Brattain and William Shockley invented the first working transistors at Bell Labs. -
1st BUG
Legend has it that after locating a moth at Harvard Mark II on September 9, 1947 at 3:45 p.m., Grace Murray Hopper recorded the first computer "bug" in her log book with the phrase "First actual case of bug being found. For many, Grace Hopper was the person who coined this term to refer to errors in computer program code that cause unwanted results; however, the word "bug" was already used before 1947 in engineering. -
Manchester Mark I
was one of the earliest stored-program computers, developed at the Victoria University of Manchester from the Manchester Baby. It was also called the Manchester Automatic Digital Machine, or MADM. The machine's successful operation was widely reported in the British press, which used the phrase "electronic brain" in describing it to their readers. -
Integrated circuit
Is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material that is normally silicon. The integration of large numbers of tiny MOS transistors into a small chip results in circuits that are orders of magnitude smaller, faster, and less expensive than those constructed of discrete electronic components -
BINAC (Binary Automatic Computer)
Was an early electronic computer designed for Northrop Aircraft Company. They though they had started the design of EDVAC, chose to leave and start EMCC, the first computer company. BINAC was their first product, the first stored-program computer in the United States; the BINAC is also sometimes wrongly claimed to be the world's first commercial digital computer even though it was very limited in scope, never fully functional and always economically unviable. -
EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer)
was one of the earliest electronic computers. Unlike its predecessor the ENIAC, it was binary rather than decimal, and was designed to be a stored-program computer. ENIAC inventors John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert, The Ballistic Research Laboratory became a part of the US Army Research Laboratory. Functionally, EDVAC was a binary serial computer with automatic addition, subtraction, multiplication, programmed division and automatic checking with an ultrasonic serial memory capacity. -
Printer
Charles Babbage has been considered by some as the father of modern computers, but he can certainly also be considered the father of modern printers.The mathematician's and scientist's plans included a printing component, which has been rebuilt by the Museum and is functional. It was so innovative for its time and we can appreciate it today, that it is capable of automatically printing the results of a calculation and a user can change parameters -
UNIVAC I (UNIVersal Automatic Computer I)
Was the first general purpose electronic digital computer design for business application produced in the United States. It was designed principally by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly. Design work was started by their company. In the years before successor models of the UNIVAC I appeared, the machine was simply known as "the UNIVAC". -
IBM 701
Electronic Data Processing Machine, known as the Defense Calculator while in development, was IBM’s first commercial scientific computer, which was announced to the public on April 29, 1952. It was designed by Nathaniel Rochester and based on the IAS machine at Princeton. Its successor was the IBM 704, its computer siblings were the IBM 702 for business, and the lower-cost general-purpose IBM 650. -
Fortran
Is a general-purpose, compiled imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing. Originally developed by IBM, FORTRAN came to dominate this area of programming early on and has been in continuous use for over six decades in computationally intensive areas such as numerical weather prediction, finite element analysis, computational fluid dynamics, computational physics, crystallography and computational chemistry. -
1st microchip
An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material that is normally silicon. The integration of large numbers of tiny MOS transistors into a small chip results in circuits that are orders of magnitude smaller, faster, and less expensive than those constructed of discrete electronic components. -
1st computer mouse
A computer mouse (plural mice or mouses) is a hand-held pointing device that detects two-dimensional motion relative to a surface. This motion is typically translated into the motion of a pointer on a display, which allows a smooth control of the graphical user interface of a computer. -
UNIX
UNIX is an operating system, that is, it is a collection of programs that run other programs on a computer. UNIX was born at AT&T's Bell Labs in 1969, developed by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie (also creator of the C programming language). UNIX offered only a series of small programs, as few as possible compared to its predecessors, and perhaps hoping that people would want to put all those programs together. -
ARPANET
The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was an early packet-switching network and the first network to implement the TCP/IP protocol suite. Both technologies became the technical foundation of the Internet. The ARPANET was initially founded by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the United States Department of Defense. The packet-switching methodology employed in the ARPANET was based on concepts. -
MICROPROCESSOR
The Intel 4004 is a 4-bit central processing unit (CPU) released by Intel Corporation in 1971. It was the first commercially available microprocessor, and the first in a long line of Intel CPUs. The chip design, implemented with the MOS silicon gate technology, started in April 1970, and was created by Federico Faggin who led the project from beginning to completion in 1971.
