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The first public school
on April 23 of 1635 in what is now Boston Massachusetts, the first public school appeared. It was named the Boston Latin School and was a boys-only public secondary school. It was run by a puritan settler known as Philemon Pormont. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/thisday/apr23/first-public-school-america/ -
First Residential School
In 1860 the Yakima Indian Reservation in Washington was the first to have an Indian boarding school. Boarding schools were the ideal instrument of absorbing people and ideologies that stood in the way of manifest destiny. Schools would quickly be able to assimilate the indigenous youth. The indigenous children suffered greatly. They endured physical, mental, and sexual abuse. KIds were even killed. https://www.pbs.org/video/unspoken-americas-native-american-boarding-schools-oobt1r/ -
"Kill the Indian, Save the Man"
In 1879 an army officer named Richard H. Pratt established the most well-known of the off-reservation boarding schools, the Carlisle Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Pratt's purpose was to assimilate the indigenous people to be like the white population. https://youtu.be/L6PU7eNrJnE -
Plessy v. Ferguson
In 1892 a train passenger named Homer Plessy refused to sit in a car for only black people. This incident became a landmark in 1896 where the Supreme Court made the decision that the separation of the race of individuals was constitutional. https://youtu.be/vsDTqtyiNZk -
Brown v. Board of Education
The Brown v. Board of education brought attention to the fact that public education and other services were not equal. Schooling systems discriminated against individuals of color. The Brown v. Board of Education ended the segregation in the schools of the United States. https://youtu.be/aX9Dmo24_cc -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
The purpose of ESEA ensures that all students are provided quality education through public schools. It also funds primary and secondary schools. ESEA helps students with needs such as a disability, mobility problem, learning difficulties, poverty, or transience, or who need to learn English. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
Before IDEA individuals with disabilities were treated unfairly and were not receiving the right education for their needs. IDEA ensures that all children with disabilities are entitled to a free appropriate public education to meet their unique needs and prepare them for further education, employment, and independent living. -
The Indian Child Welfare Act
After many years of having their children taken away from them with no communication, it wasn't until 1978 that Indigenous parents gained the legal right to deny their children’s placement in off-reservation boarding schools. -
No Child Left Behind Act
The No Child Left Behind Act reauthorizes the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. To close gaps in education the act provides children with a fair and equal opportunity to receive a quality education. The No Child Left Behind Act has four main objectives: Accountability, flexibility, Research-based education, and parent options. https://youtu.be/0--2nhsDorg -
No Child Left Behind Act
The No Child Left Behind Act reauthorizes the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. To close gaps in education the act provides children with a fair and equal opportunity to receive a quality education. The No Child Left Behind Act has four main objectives: Accountability, flexibility, Research-based education, and parent options. https://youtu.be/0--2nhsDorg -
Head Start Act
The Head Start Act enables comprehensive developmental services, including health, nutritional, educational, social, and other services, to economically disadvantaged preschool children and their families.