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Archaeologists have discovered clay tablets with fingerprints in which they believe were used for official records and business transactions. This seems to be the earliest example of recording fingerprints.
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Developments in CSI techniques during this time included the first lie detector test which was done by measuring the persons pulse. It was observed that if a person lied their pulse would raise. Another advancement during this time were medical examinations. The most known example was the examination of Julius Caesar's body.
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During the 1800's investigators began to study the bullets in crime scenes
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Mathieu Bonaventure Orfila, who is considered the father of modern toxicology, published "Traite des Poisons"
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Criminal investigation has been evolving since the birth of modern policing in the 1800s when the Chief Magistrate of Bow Street, Henry Fielding, founded a group of volunteer citizens and tasked them to attend the scenes of criminal events and investigate crimes
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Austrian professor of criminal law, Hans Gross, is accredited with laying the foundations for crime scene investigation.
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Now days investigators have a plethora of resources at their disposal for investigation. From gps tracking, and fingerprinting, all the way to biometrics and DNA examining