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Naval Attacks
Gallipoli began as a attempt to force the Ottoman Empire out of the war, the plan was to attack the capital Instanbul from the sea by bombing its costal forts. -
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The Gallipoi Campain
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Naval Attacks
The main attack was launched under Admiral de Roebeck when they were convinced the Ottomans were weakened and Vulnerable. They sent a fleet of ageing battleships, destroyers nd cruisers to break through the narrow straits. -
Gallipoli Landings - British
Hamiltons plan was to land infantry at points along the coast, then cross the peninsula to take the forts. Then the entire force would group together and take the village of Krithia, and take the forts defending the narrows. At the V beach landing, high death toll in the boats from machine gun fire caused the whole force to divert and take the V beach together. -
Gallipoli Landings - French
The French plan was to make a landing to distract them on the Kum Kale on the Asian side of the Dardenelles and then crossed to meet the British at Cape Helles. -
Gallipoli Landing - Anzac
Battalions would land on Z beach capturing their high ground objective hill 971 reinforcing the british attack. The attack was to take place in the dark before dawn to keep surprise of element. They began their approach to landing beach at about 1:30 on 25th april being carried by ships then by towboats then by a steam boat -
Battle of Krithia
Despite the heavy casualities on the landing day, Hamiltion commanded a attack on the small village of Krithia. The french held the right flanck and the British approched from the South and West. The frontline went forward only to be driven back in some parts this was because of exhausrtion and casualties. -
Battle of Krithia
This day marked the start of the second battle for Krithia. The battle plan was identical to the first and it failed miserably, losing a third of the men sent. The plan was for the French to hold the right flank, while the British approached from the South and West, but this plan failed and casualties were many. -
Battle of Krithia
Hamilton launched a third attack against Krithia on this day, he attempted to catch the Ottoman trenches 100 yards in front. His plan was to bombard the trenches with artillery fire, then feint an attack by infantry to draw out their soldiers so they could be bombarded again, the casualties for the Ottomans was 9000, and the ANZACS was 6500. -
Aurgust Offensive Start
On this day the ANZACS captured a Turkish trench at Lone Pine, but a simultaneous attck by the British on the Krithia Vineyard was not successful. The Ottomans however were not decieved by these feints, and sent reinforcements to meet the New Zealanders at Chunuk Bair and delayed their assault until the morning. -
Aurgust Offensive End
This day consisted of the final offensive by the British which attempted to capture Scimitar Hill and Hill 60, capturing these points would unite the ANZAC and Suvla fronts but this goal was not achieved, and that point ended the August offensive -
Evacuation Start
In October, with winter just around the corner, the British were contemplating withdrawal from Gallipoli due to heavy casualties and difficulty. Hamilton resisted the evacuation fearing the loss of face the British would encounter even though casualties were up to 50%, he was soon dismissed as commander. -
Evacuation
The new commander was Lieutenant-General Sir Charles Munro.
A three day rain storm flooded trenches on the 27th of November, drowning many soldiers, and an October blizzard killed even more. -
Evacuation End
Munro was suggesting evacuation but Kitchener had some doubts and so went to the peninsula to make sure before making a final decision. Anzac cove and Suvla were evacuated on 19th December, and Helles was evacuated on the 9th of January the next year, via a method of gradually evacuting troops while distracting the Ottomans with automated rifle fire.