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In 1809, a crude telegraph was invented in Bavaria by Samuel Soemmering. He used wires with gold tips, which would send a pattern across the water, which could be translated into words.
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In 1825, British inventor William Sturgeon (1783-1850) revealed an invention that laid the foundations for a large scale evolution in electronic communications: the electromagnet. Sturgeon displayed the power of the electromagnet by lifting nine pounds with a seven-ounce piece of iron wrapped with wires through which the current of a single cell battery was sent. However, the true power of the electromagnet was its role in the creation of countless inventions to come.
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In 1828, the first telegraph in the USA was invented by Harrison Dyar, who burned paper with special chemicals. This was a big improvement from the first telegraph, but it was still a lot of work to use.
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In 1830, an American, Joseph Henry, used William Sturgeon's electromagnet for long distance communication by sending an electronic current over one mile of wire to activate an electromagnet which caused a bell to strike.
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While a professor of arts and design at New York University in 1835, Samuel Morse proved that signals could be transmitted by wire. He used pulses of electricity to deflect an electromagnet, which moved a marker to produce written codes on a strip of paper - the invention of Morse Code.
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From 1851 to 1877, the telegraph was the main way of communication... until a new device comes along
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Until 1877, all rapid long-distance communication depended upon the telegraph. That year, a rival technology developed that would again change the face of communication -- the telephone. By 1879, patent litigation between Western Union and the infant telephone system was ended in an agreement that largely separated the two services.
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Today, the telegraph isn't used nearly as often as it used to. The final commercial U.S. ship-to-shore telegraph message transmitted from North America was in 1999.
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I don't think that the telegrph will be used in the future because we have invented more efficient ways of far away communication.
