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The musical genre of opera was invented by Jacopo Peri and Giulio Caccini in Florence, Italy
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Era of improvised ornamentation and extremes, architectures and fashions became ornamented, expression of one affect at a time became the goal. Rhythms became more definite, regular and insistent, bar lines accepted as the new meter standard.Major minor tonality system started, chords standardized and tonic was understood by most.
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First Extant Opera composed by Jacopo Peri and Giulio Caccini
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Opera created by Claudio Monteverdi
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Opera published by Francesca Caccini
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Studied under Francesco Cavalli at the Academia degli Unisoni, published 8 sets of songs with each set being dedicated to a different wealthy patron, didn’t write operas but her songs and cantatas were very dramatic
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ballet or comic opera in 4 scenes published by Francesca Caccini, first performed in Florence
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The first public opera theater located in Venice, Italy
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an extended piece for a solo singer that has more elaboration and coherence than recit, more song like, steady beat and tempo. Arias became the most desired and appreciated pieces
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Soprano and daughter of Giulio Caccini, first woman to compose operas, sang lead roles in several early operas
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Claudio Monteverdi’s final opera composition before his death. Premiered in Venice, Italy. Arias, Recitative, lots of Arioso.
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Italian composer, string player, choirmaster and priest. Both secular and sacred music, pioneer in opera. Trained in the Renaissance style, adept at composing modern music. 9 books of madrigals, masses, magnificats, vespers, motets, operas and other dramatic music
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Bohemian-Austrian composer and violinist, one of the most important composers for the violin, especially in the instrument’s early years, Catholic sacred music, violin sonatas, and ensemble music. Invented new technique of playing the violin
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Artistic work by Gian Lorenzo Bernini located in The Church of Santa Maria della Vittoria
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During the Commonwealth, stage plays were forbidden in England because the Puritans thought theater was from the devil. Composers began setting the plays to music and created Masques, a type of theatrical entertainment that combined vocal and instrumental music with poetry and dance.
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Italian Cantata by Barbara Strozzi
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Italian Suite Composer
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Singer, organist, composer of instrumental and vocal music, worked in the court of Charles II when stage plays were allowed. Assimilated the musical styles of Europe
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Charles II issued patents for two companies of players (in the future known as theater troupes) and performances immediately began
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father of composer Domenico Scarlatti, teacher in Naples, many. of his students helped create the new classical style, his death marks a better indicator of the end of the Baroque than does Bach’s
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French Suite composer, was called “The wonder of our century”
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French Suite Composer
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The opera genre finally reached England around the 1670’s
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Mid-Baroque violin sonata, the opening is for violin and basso continuo, the violin part uses a virtuosic style similar to that of solo vocal singing.
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Was called the red priest because of his red hair, music director at the Pieta, an orphanage for girls in Venice, composed many operas, much sacred music and many instrumental works, popular during the height of of his career (1720’s), wrote nearly 800 concertos, considered the greatest master of the Baroque concerto.
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German composer, extraordinarily prolific, composed more than 125 orchestral suites, friends with J.S. Bach
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one representative composer from this French court: served the son of King Louis XIV, composed operas, suites, and “grand entertainments”, some of his works have been used for TV Commercials and in other media
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Keyboard virtuoso, served Portuguese and Spanish royal families, had a progressive style, aware of his modern flare, wrote over 500 sonatas for harpsichord, operas, cantatas and keyboard exercises.
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German Composer living in England writing Italian music
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undisputedly the greatest master of the fugue, 200+ sacred cantatas, 20 secular cantatas, 7 choral motets
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an opera in a prologue and three acts composed and written by Henry Purcell.
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Court poet in Vienna, he was a primary librettist for opera seria in the late Baroque and Classic periods. He also set the standard for opera style in the 1750’s
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Comic operas started appearing in Italy. They were serious with a few comic elements
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Composer of symphonies, concertos, operas and chamber music, member of the Mannheim school.
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Italian Composer, part of the Neopolitan School, responsible for operatic reforms having to do with orateness of style, etc
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Performed for a royal party on the Thames River, in London, 22 movements, supposedly, the harpsichord was not used at the first performance
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Composition by Handel
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Handel was appointed as one of the music directors at the Royal Academy of Music in London
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A collection of preludes and fugues issued in two volumes
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“The Four Seasons”, cycle of 4 violin concertos, word painting in instrumental music, each concerto is accompanied by a poem that we believe he wrote.
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Composition by Bach
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Organist, amature composer, writer and scholar of music.
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Italian opera composer
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A ballad opera written in 3 acts by John Gay, only example of a ballad that is still popular today.
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Italian composer, worked on symphonies, holy music, chamber music and opera. One of the most popular opera buffa composers
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Written for trumpets, violins, oboes, timpani, basses, bassoons and organ, today the work is often performed as a trumpet solo with organ
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No lavish scenery, used Italian singers performing in English and British singers, public was pleased by the new genre, presented during Lent when operas were forbidden, thus doing away with the competition.