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The Charge up San Juan Hill was the defining moment for Theodore Roosevelt and his Rough Riders. Roosevelt personally led the dismounted charge up Kettle Hill and then assisted in the capture of San Juan Hill. This battlefield heroism made him a national celebrity and war hero, which was the crucial significance that catapulted him into the governorship and ultimately, the presidency -
Theodore Roosevelt first became U.S. President after the assassination of President William McKinley. He was the youngest president ever, and his rise was highly significant as it marked the start of the Modern Presidency. He aggressively expanded executive power, championed the Progressive Movement with his "Square Deal" reforms and was a pioneering force in conservation and assertive foreign policy -
The Coal strike was a strike by the United Mine Workers of America in the coalfields. Miners struck for higher wages, shorter workdays, and the recognition of their union. The strike threatened to shut down the winter fuel supply to major American cities. It was significant because it marked a shift in the government's role in labor disputes. It prioritized public welfare and economic stability, and led to a compromise that gave miners a wage increase and a shorter workday. -
Was a pivotal piece of Progressive era legislation driven by the cause of making the lands of the West agriculturally productive.The law let the federal government construct and finance irrigation projects using revenue to establish the Funding. The effect was the creation of the Reclamation Service which changed the economic and ecological landscape of the West by building infrastructure, irrigating millions of acres for settlement and farming, and stating federal control over water resources. -
The Elkins Act of 1903 prohibited railroads from issuing rebates to large shippers, effectively ending secret, discounted shipping rates that gave large corporations an unfair advantage over smaller competitors. It was caused by widespread public anger over unfair railroad practices, particularly the use of rebates that discriminated against smaller businesses. -
The election gave Theodore Roosevelt a landslide victory and his first full term as President, a cause driven by his immense personal popularity and the success of his progressive "Square Deal" domestic policies. The primary effect was a mandate to accelerate his reform agenda, resulting in landmark laws like the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Hepburn Act, which firmly established the federal government's role in regulating big business and protecting the public interest. -
The Northern Securities Case was Theodore Roosevelt's successful use of the Sherman Antitrust Act to dismantle a massive railroad monopoly. The cause was public outrage over unchecked corporate power. The effect was that the Supreme Court upheld the government's power to regulate commerce and established Roosevelt's reputation as the nation's first "Trust-Buster." -
Just weeks after his presidency ended in March 1909, Theodore Roosevelt embarked on an African safari with his son Kermit. It was funded by Andrew Carnegie and sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution. Its purpose was to collect specimens for the Smithsonian's new natural history museum, now known as the National Museum of Natural History. -
The Pure Food and Drug Act was a key part of Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive agenda, was enacted due to public outrage over. Roosevelt used his influence to pass the law, which banned the interstate sale of adulterated or misbranded food and drugs, established federal oversight of food safety, and laid the groundwork for the modern FDA. It was a direct response to a clear set of causes, which led to sweeping effects on American commerce and public health -
The Meat Inspection Act of 1906 was a law that established government oversight to ensure meat was safe and clean for people to eat, preventing the sale of contaminated or mislabeled meat and ensuring sanitary conditions in meatpacking plants. It was caused by public outcry over unsanitary and corrupt meatpacking industry practices. Its primary effects were the establishment of federal meat inspection, the mandating of sanitary conditions in slaughterhouses and processing plants. -
The Yosemite Recession Bill finalized the transfer of the Yosemite Valley and Mariposa Grove from state to full federal control. This action was the effect of a critical 1903 camping trip where President Roosevelt was persuaded by naturalist John Muir that the lands required more protection. Its significance and ensured the permanent preservation of a national treasure, and reinforced Roosevelt's personal commitment to expand conservation efforts across the nation -
Was formed after TR failed to secure the Republican nomination from William Howard Taft. Its importance in the 1912 election was critical, as it split the Republican vote, allowing Democrat Woodrow Wilson to win the presidency. The party's platform, New Nationalism, was the most progressive of its time, advocating for advanced social reforms and ideas that significantly influenced future American political policy, including the later New Deal