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Federal funding provided to states by ESEA towards education programs for disadvantaged students to promote equity. Schools received funding based on number of low income students they have.
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US is reported as falling behind other countries in progress levels.
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Improving American's Schools Act required state academic-content standards and tests, and Goals 2000: Educate America Act required the provision of federal funds to aid states in writing content standards.
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States accepting federal funding must "measure and report on results" of standardized testing to ensure governmental funds are being used appropriately.
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Legislation continues "as is" until it can be reauthorized.