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Marbury v. Madison
After James Adams was defeated by Thomas Jefferson the Federal Congress issued commissions that were supposed to be mailed to the individual officials of their new duties, but were never delivered and because of this James Madison was sued by William Marbury. The court decided that Madison would have to abide by the writ of mandumus because the supreme court did not have juristiction in low federal affairs. This effected the country because it generally surpressed our judicial review/supremacy. -
McCulloch v. Maryland
The U.S. Government established a first national bank in our country, but it promoted many problems with competition and ultimately caused Maryland to issue tax on all banks created outside of the state. Maryland ended up suing a man named James McCulloch for not paying. The Courts had no say in the matter because the state did have the power to tax any providence in its area. This mainly affected what states could and could not issue as laws in their area. -
Dred Scott v. Sandford
A slave named Dred Scott tried to become a free man after his families master died, but the master's wife would not let them so they tried to sue her and was tried in the supreme court. Dred Scott inevitably was denied his freedom by the courts because the state of Missouri did not have to abide by any other state's racial laws. This case allowed our first amendment rights to branch further to the rights of African-Americans. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Louisiana passed a statute that seperated white and non-white passengers on rail cars, but a man named Homer Plessy went against this act and appealed to the supreme court to resolve the problem. The Supreme Court came to the decision that the act did in fact violate the fourteenth amendment because it denied other races from the same privelages as the white people. This act serves as a reminder in the U.S. about what seperate, but equal really does not mean equal. -
Korematsu v. U.S.
Korematsu was a Japanese-American that was rellocated into a camp for oher Japanese oriented citizens because of the ongoing war between the U.S. and Japan, but he found this law to be unjust and appealed to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court decided that although the act is neccessary it is against their constitutional rights for it did not keep an equal atmosphere. This changed the world because it gave a more neutral perspective towards Japan during the war. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
Linda Brown was an African-American student who with the aid of her family tried to appeal to the court for the fact that their schools systems are not equal if they are not in the same one as other races. The court came to a decision that the schools alothough were equal in curricular were not racially equal and as such is against their rights of equivilence. The country benefited this case and changed its pre-natured outlook on the likes of racial equality. -
Mapp vs. Ohio
This case was about a woman who had her house searched for a crimianl suicide bomber by two police who did not have warrant for the search, but instead of finding a person they found pornographic material and arrest the woman. The court decided that since the police did not have a warrant they could not arrest the woman and could not use the evidence in their offense. The case changed our because it gave the U.S. a new perspective towards the respect towards privacy. -
Giddeon v. Wainright
In this case a burglary was committed and a man named Clarence Earl Giddeon was accused of the crime where he was put on trial and placed in federal prison for two years until he appealed to the Supreme Court for a retrial. The courts later decision was altered due to the fact that the defendant was more prepared for his defense and iven a lawyer. This has changed our country because it gives people a much more general reason to learn more about the law. -
Miranda v. Arizona
In this case a crime victim recognized a man named Ernesto Miranda and he was arrested and found guily, but he appealed to the supreme court that his rights were being violated because he was no given his rights after being arrested. The Court decided to let MIranda go from his charges based on only having vocal evidence and not being told his right of silence. This change the U.S. because now it is mandatory for the police to relay human rights to the people they arrest. -
Tinker vs. Des Moines
In this case John and Mary Tinker publically wore arm bands to signify their protest in the vietnam war and they were suspended countiuously for not taking them off, but eventually the school was sued and the case was brought to the supreme court. The Court's decision in this matter was that the banning of the armbands was unconstitutional. This case changed the country because it encouraged many other students in our time to express their freedom of speech the same way Tinker had. -
Roe vs. Wade
In the case Roe vs. Wade a woman named Jane Roe wanted to have an abortion, but the law of Texas prevented her from doing so and as such she soon filed a law suit on the district attorney to challenge the law and was immediately appealed by the Supreme Court. The decision was made that women do have the right to privacy and it would be unconstitutional to deny another's choice in a birth situation. This impacted the world because this protest affected women everywhere in their choice of abortion -
New Jersey vs. T.L.O.
A highschool student from New Jersey was accused smoking in the girls bathroom and had her purse searched by an assisstant principal in which she was taken to a Juvenile Court and sentenced one year of of probation, but she then took this case to the supreme court. The Supreme Court found that there was no violation in the student's rights. This impacted the country because New Jersey's "problem" was an example for many schools to indulge in caution with their students. -
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
In the Hazelwood East High School the principle reviewed and edited a students publication of a written newspaper and took a few pages that talked about teen pregnancy and birth control, but the student took offense to this and took their case to several Courts before reaching the Supreme Court. The Court decided that the school did have the authority to limit school activities and di not violate their rights. This changed the country because it allowed a new era of understanding student rights. -
Texas vs. Johnson
In this case of texas vs. Johnson a man named Gregory Lee Johnson politically demonstrated his freedom of expression by setting an American flag on fire and was convicted for doing so, but he appealed his conviction to two state courts. The Texas Court of Criminal Appeals found this act to be in protection of the first amendment rights and could not punish him for expressing himself symbolically. This like the Tinker vs. Des Moines case this case also changed our countries freedom to express.
