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Special Education Legislation
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Elementary and Secondary Education Act
ESEAThis act is created to establish that all students, including low income and special education students need to be able to access to education and to establish high levels of accountability. President Lyndon Johnson signed this law into existence and felt that “no law [he] ever sign[ed] means more to the future of America” (sitemaker). This Act is important because it was a major step towards the inclusion of all students into today’s current school systems. -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
Section 504This act is different from IDEA in the way that its definition of what qualifies as a disability is broader. A student who has a mental or physical disability that stops them from performing at least on major activity in their lives, having had documentation of such an impairments, being observed as having an impairment is eligible for aid from this act. This act is important because it requires special education aids/others services needed to make it possible for the student to be successful. -
IDEA—the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
IDEA The creation of this four part act helps students with special needs in many ways. It outlines that students need to be taught in their least restrictive environment and to be allowed to have a free and acceptable public education. The importance of an Act such as this one is that it clearly states what its purpose is as well as gives some direction on how that should be achieved to the betterment of the students. -
The Education for the Handicapped Act (EHA) (P.L. 94-142)
The Education for the Handicapped ActThis act was the one of the first acts of legislation that’s purpose was to guarantee the right to a public education for all children. There are many parts of this act that are important including the development of an Individualized Education Program(IEP) and utilizing a student’s Least Restrictive Environment(LRE), and allowing the parents of the students to be able to make decisions, appeal decisions, participate in the identification of and evaluation of their child. -
Hendrick Hudson Board of Education. v. Rowley, 458 U.S. 176 (1982)
Hendrick Hudson Board of Education. v. RowleyThis is the first Supreme Court case that set the bar for the standard for what is considered a free appropriate public education. This case is about a girl who is deaf and how the courts debate over whether or not she has a need for an interpreter in the classroom with her. Because she was doing well in school without the aid of an interpreter that is was not necessary for her to have one in lieu of the other parts of her IEP. -
Irving Independent School District. v. Tatro, 468 U.S. 883 (1984)
Irving Independent School District. v. TatroThis case is important because it shows how interpretation of the definitions of acts such as the 504 rehabilitation act can affect a student’s ability to go to school. In this case, a student had a medical condition that meant that she could not use the restroom like a nondisabled person; she required the use of a catheter to empty her bladder. It was not a service that the school offered until they petitioned that them not being able to do the procedure would keep her out of school. -
NCLB—No Child Left Behind Act
NCLBNo Child Left behind is a renewed version of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. This program is designed to help disadvantaged students achieve academic aptitude. This program is also based on a four pillar set-up which gives parents more options, student’s fair and equal teaching, as well as flexibility and research-based education. This is important because the goal of this program is to lessen the achievement gap between students.
