Special Education Law Timeline

  • Brown v Board of Education

    Brown v Board of Education

    The Supreme Court passed this, ending segregation in all public schools. This laid groundwork for people with disabilities to also fight for equal rights in education. Many people would use this to argue that students with disabilities were not getting equal opportunity.
  • Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)

    Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)

    President Johnson signed this law into place in 1965. He believed that all student should have equal rights, so he gave a significant amount of funding to public schools. This funding greatly supported and students with disabilities.
  • Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

    Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

    This was a lawsuit that the ARC of Pennsylvania filed because students with intellectual disabilities were not being treated equally or being given an appropriate education. When the lawsuit was won, all students with disabilities were ensured a fair education.
  • Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia

    Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia

    At the time, there were funding limits on public schools. This case argued that students with disabilities should still have right to fair public education despite these limits. The school board was then ordered to create a cohesive plan to provide education to all students, even if they have a disability.
  • Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act

    Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act

    President Nixon signed this into law in 1973. This was the first federal law that prevented any sort of discrimination against people with disabilities. People were not allowed to be denied support or benefits in any federally funded places which included schools.
  • November 29, 1975 – Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA, Public Law 94-142)

    November 29, 1975 – Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA, Public Law 94-142)

    Signed into law by President Ford in 1975, this law guarantees that all students, regardless of disabilities, have access to individualized education programs, free public education, and that students with disabilities are allowed to be educated in the same classrooms as non-disabled students.
  • Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

    Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

    This civil rights law prohibits any sort of discrimination against any people with disabilities in all aspects of the public. That includes employment, any public accommodation, or government service. It set standards especially in businesses that all people are equal and should not be pushed aside because of their disability.
  • Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

    Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

    This is a federal law that ensuring that all students with disabilities, including autism, be provided with a free appropriate public education (FAPE). this also ensures that parents have a safeguard and LRE for all students.
  • No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)

    No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)

    A federal law that's goal was to reform and improve elementary and secondary education by requiring state academic standards, students to achieve certain grades, and yearly progress tests. teachers and schools were now being held accountable for providing the necessary information to students.
  • Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)

    Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)

    This law was passed in 2015 to reinforce ESEA and NCLB. ESSA shifts more of the control to the states instead of the federal government- so the states get control of standardized testing, education standards, and measures of success in schools. Schools are able to be more flexible with this, but they still have certain standards to follow.