Special Education Law

By jngarza
  • Brown v Board of Education

    In 1954, the landmark Supreme Court decision in Brown v Board of Education declared that segregation was unconstitutional. This decision was a jumping point for parents of students with disabilities to bring forth cases, as they argued that their children were being discriminated against based on their disabilities.
  • Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965

    The ESEA was enacted to address the education inequality for underprivileged students. It was amended in 1966 to include a grant program to help states fund programs for handicapped children.
  • PARC v Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

    This case dealt with the exclusion of children with disabilities from school. The settlement agreed that "educational placement decisions must include a process of parental participation and a means to resolve disputes."
  • Congressional Investigation

    Congress investigated into children with disabilities and found their education to be lacking. In this year, legislation was introduced in Congress for children with disabilities.
  • Mills v Board of Education of the District of Columbia

    This case was arguing for due process before expelling students with disabilities from school.
  • The Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975

    This law stated that all children with disabilities had a right to education and an accountability system for states and educational agencies.
  • Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments

    In 1985, amendments were added to include FAPE for children with disabilities ages 3 to 5. This year an amendment was also added early intervention services for children birth to 2 years.
  • Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

    In 1990, the EHA was renamed to IDEA. Autism and traumatic brain injury was also categorized as disabilities with IDEA.
  • No Child Left Behind Act

    The NCLB increased accountability for schools when it came to students with disabilities.
  • Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act

    This act reauthorized IDEA and aligned it better with NCLB. It also allowed for Response to Intervention to be use to identify students with learning disabilities.
  • Every Student Succeeds Act

    ESSA replaced NCLB in 2015. In response to complaints from the states, Congress removed many portions of the law that dealt with accountability, including requirements for highly qualified teachers.