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1971 Pennsylvania Association for Retarted Citizens VS Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
First case to seek to overturn P.A. law in an effort to secure quality education for all children. The original complaint filed by the association can be summarized as the permanent relief judgement to prevent the denial of mentally retarted children age 6-21 their equal right to education. The commonwealth of P.A. was ordered in May, 1982 they they provide students assigned to a class for severely and profoundly impaired be provided with a special program of education which was age. -
1985 Burlington School Committee VS. Massachusetts Dept. of Education
in 1985 the Education for the Handicapped Act was amended, it required states and local agencies "to assure that handicapped children and parents be guaranteed free appropriate public education and have an IEP in place to provide special education services." The town believed the child's condition was emotional the parents believed it was neurological. Town had placement, parents disapproved, hearing officer deemed inappropriate placement and ordered placement at a different school. -
1992 Board of Education, Sacramento City School District VS Rachel Holland
Rachel's parents sought to increase her time in a regular education class and in special education classes. The district rejected their request, placing her in special education for academic and regular education classes for non academics. Hollands appealed the districts placement and argued that she would learn best socially in a regular classroom, district said she was too severely disabled for that placement. Hearing officer found district had failed to provide adequate education.