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P.A.R.C v. Pennsylvania, 343 F. Supp. 279 (E.D. Pa. 1972)
The landmark case of P.A.R.C v. Pennsylvania 1972), was a turning point in the fight for equal access to education for children with disabilities. Dr. Gunnar Dybwad's advocacy was instrumental in raising awareness about the importance of providing these students with fair and adequate schooling. Thanks to the efforts of educators and lawmakers, federal legislation was enacted to ensure that schools and institutes received funding to support children with special needs. -
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P.A.R.C v. Pennsylvania, 343 F. Supp. 279 (E.D. Pa. 1972)
In 1965, the Supreme Court decision led to the creation of Local Education Agencies (LEAs) to support students with learning difficulties. The ESEA provided funding for schools to create programs for handicapped children, ensuring they receive equal educational opportunities. Please see video link below for more information
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgwstMsPvd4&t=183s -
Broad of Education v Rowley 458 (U.S) 1982
The case stands as a remarkable milestone in special education, thanks to the relentless efforts of Amy Rowley's parents. Their fight for an interpreter in the classroom for their deaf child resulted in a significant shift in the way services were delivered. The case emphasized the importance of adhering to IDEA's requirements to cater to the needs of children with disabilities. It serves as a potent reminder that every child deserves a just and equitable education. -
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Final Ruling of the Courts for Broad of Education v. Rowley
Equal education opportunities are crucial for students with disabilities. The Rowley case has created support avenues and enforced Procedural Safeguards to IDEA guidelines, ensuring a fair and safe learning environment. All disabled children receive education based on their abilities as detailed in their IEP. Please see video link below for more information
https://youtu.be/GRl11ifAA4M?si=I-_tiudUXGVLsoWk -
Honig v. Doe (1988)
Children with disabilities must be protected, especially if their behavior is affected by their condition. Honig v. Doe (1988) ensured that these children could not be expelled for conduct related to their disability. Incidents must be documented and addressed according to IDEA guidelines to ensure equal education opportunities for all children. -
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Final Ruling of the Courts for Honig v Doe 1988
Due to Honig v. Doe, schools must now seek approval before suspending a student for over ten days. Expulsion is only allowed for drugs or weapons. A thorough review process is required, including an IEP review and a Manifestation Determination. A Functional Behavioral Assessment may also be conducted. This ruling helps ensure that all children, regardless of disability, receive the education they deserve. See the Video link for more information
https://youtu.be/fR1Zpd7UfdQ?si=a37uZ8UmsA_SQ2Dh -
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 has made sure that people with disabilities are not subjected to discrimination. of any kind. One of the significant impacts of this act has been in the field of education, where schools have become more accessible to students with disabilities through facilities like wheelchair ramps, smart boards, and large-print textbooks. They have also made public transportation accessible.
see Link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5IgRvxX5TwI . -
Individuals With Disabilities Education Act.1990
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1990 ensures that all children, irrespective of their disabilities, have access to the resources they need to succeed in the classroom. This act has played a crucial role in supporting students with disabilities by providing them with an (IEP) that outlines their unique needs and academic goals. With this support, these students can receive the proper education and opportunities they deserve to thrive in all subjects and school functions.