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Brown V. Board of Education of Topeka
This monumental court case make the decision that separate but equal was not constitutional. This courtcase resulted in the unanimous decision that over turned Plessy v. Ferguson, because separate facilities were deemed unequal. This was monumental for African American students and student in Special Education. All students would now be able to attend the same schools and receive the same equal education. http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka -
Rehabilitation Act of 1973
This act requires that individuals with handicaps have access to all federal agencies, federal programs and activities, and federal employment. This also established that all individuals with disabilities will receive these accommodations at no additional cost. https://www.access-board.gov/the-board/laws/rehabilitation-act-of-1973 -
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975
This act defined many rules and standards that would provided students with disabilities access to public education. This act introduced FAPE, protection of students rights, IEP's, LRE, and federal funding for the education of students with disabilities. http://www.specialeducationadvisor.com/special-education-laws/a-brief-history-of-special-education-legislation/ -
Hendrick Hudson Board of Education V. Rowley
This court case addressed the issue of what a "Free and Appropriate Education " was. This case resulted in the ruling that students with disabilities would have access to a public education, in which they have the opportunity to achieve passing grades.
http://www.specialeducationadvisor.com/top-ten-special-education-supreme-court-cases/ -
Irving Independent School District V. Tatro
This court case ruled that schools are required to provide a child with a handicap all the necessary support services that the student may need, specifically any medical treatments that are prescribed by a physician. This took place because a student, Amber, needed to have a new and clean catheter throughout the day put in to prevent kidney damage. http://www.wrightslaw.com/law/caselaw/ussupct.tatro.htm -
Burlington School Committee V. Massachusetts Department of Education
During this court case the decision decided that if a school district doesn't meet the definition of FAPE, a parent can place their child in a private school that does meet FAPE. If the private school meets FAPE parents can be reimbursed for tuition cost. http://www.specialeducationadvisor.com/burlington-school-committee-massachusetts-department-of-education-471-us-359-1985/ -
The Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments of 1986
This amendment of PL 94-142 added the need for early intervention. The amendment mandated that services be provided to children starting at birth. http://www.specialeducationadvisor.com/special-education-laws/a-brief-history-of-special-education-legislation/ -
Honig V Doe
This case determined what the acceptable limit of discipline is for students with disabilities. This ruling decided that if an educational agency fails to provide services the state must. It also defined a variety of ways to discipline students with disabilities. It also adds that officials may exclude students if they are creating an unsafe environment for other students.
http://usedulaw.com/336-honig-v-doe.html -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
This law renamed the EHA to IDEA. This Act also added to the disabilities categories that would be eligible for services. This act added autism and traumatic brain injuries as disability categories and defined what assistive technology devices and services are. http://www.specialeducationadvisor.com/special-education-laws/a-brief-history-of-special-education-legislation/ -
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of 1997
This re-authorization of IDEA added the requirement of of transition services. this required that by age 16 all students IEP's included a transition plan. This re-authorization also required that IEP's include PLEPs, measurable goals, the inclusion of a gen ed teacher, updated discipline rules, and the addition of ADHD to OHI.
http://www.specialeducationadvisor.com/special-education-laws/a-brief-history-of-special-education-legislation/ -
Cedar Rapids Community School District v. Garret F
The Court decision upheld that the district required to provide students with any nursing services a child with disabilities may need during the school day. This case occurred when a student named Garret who needs one on one nursing care while in school was denied financial assistant by his school district. https://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/96-1793.ZS.html -
IDEA 2004
In 2004 Idea was reauthorlized by President George W. Bush. Provisions went into effect July 1st, 2005. The reauthorization added in early intervention services for students and their families. It also included the need to have highy qualified teacher to teach special education, transition services for older students, and proper disciplinary procedures. http://idea.ed.gov/explore/view/p/%2Croot%2Cdynamic%2CTopicalBrief%2C6%2C -
Winkelman v. Parma City School District
After a disagreement over a child's provided education, the Winkelman's placed their son in s private school and petitioned for a reimbursement. This was denied and was then appealed by the parents, who decided to go to court unrepresented. The court ruled that parents can represent themselves in issues about their own rights, but not when looking to challenge their child's FAPE.
https://www.oyez.org/cases/2006/05-983 -
Forest Grove School District v. T.A.
While in a public school, T.A. was determined to not have a disability, when his parents moved him to a private school they determined he did have a disability. They believed the school district should reimburse the tuition fees. The court ruled that students can still be reimbursed through IDEA, even if they didn't previously receive special education. https://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/cert/08-305
