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Soviet Union launched that satilite into orbit and that kicked off the space race.
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Soviet Union launches, Sputnik 2, which carried a small dog names Laika into orbit.
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Explorer 1, the first American satellite to reach orbit, is launched. It carried scientific equipment that lead to the discovery of the Van Allen radiation belt.
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The U.S. Congress passed legalization formally inqugurating the NASA .the establishement of NASA was a sign that the U.S. was commited to winning the space race.
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The Vostok 1 was the first spacecraft to carry a human. Yuri Gagarin, made one orbit around Earth.
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HTis space capsule hald the first American in space, Alan Bartlett Shepard Jr., he did not make an orbit around Earth though.
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John Glenn was the first American to orbit Earth. He was in the spapcecraft Friendship 7, and made it around Earth 3 times.
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One of the austronauts chosen from Mercury 7, Walter Schirra, orbited Earth 6 times.
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Soviet Cosmonaut, Valentina Tereshkova, became the first woman in space. After 48 orbits & 71 hours, she retuned to Earth.
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American astronuts Neil Armstrong and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin became the first humans to ever land on the moon.