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The Soviet Union launched the first satellite, Sputnik, into space.
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With Sputnik II, a dog named Laika, was launched into space.
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Explorer 1 was the first satellite launched by the United States. It was designed and built by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) of the California Institute of Technology. The satellite was sent aloft from Cape Canaveral in Florida by the Jupiter C rocket that was designed, built, and launched by the Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA) under the direction of Dr. Wernher Von Braun.
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Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human in space.
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Astronaut Alan Shepard became the first American in space.
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https://er.jsc.nasa.gov/seh/ricetalk.htm(http://www.timetoast.com)
President Kennedy challenged the country to put a man on the moon by the end of the decade. -
Astronaut John Glenn became the first American in orbit on space mission Mercury-Atlas 6, STS-95.
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Valentina Nikolayeva Tereshkova became the first woman in space.
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Astronauts Gus Grissom, Ed White, and Roger Chaffee were killed in an accidental fire in a command module on the launch pad.
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Cosmonaut Vladimir M. Komarov was killed in a crash when the parachute on his Soyuz 1 spacecraft failed to deploy.
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Neil Armstrong and "Buzz" Aldrin became the first men on the moon.