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Laika was the first animal to go in space, and marked a big turning point in the space race. The Russians found Laika as a stray dog on the street, and in an attempt to get ahead of the Americans. Sadly, Laika dies from suffocation and overheating.
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The Sputnik 1 was launched by the Russians as the first artificial satellite in space.
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Two monkeys were sent into space, Able and Baker, by the Americams. These monkeys were the first living creatures to survive a space mission.