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Fruit flies were sent by the US aboard the captured German V-2 rockets to study radiaton exposure at high altitudes.
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The USSR successfully sent the world's first artificial satellite to space. Sputnik I was about the size of a beach ball.
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Laika, the little stray dog, was the first animal to orbit Earth, sent by the USSR.
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Russian Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin was the first human in space in the Vostok 1 spacecraft.
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First Human space flight program being the nation's first program for astronauts. There were 6 flights with 6 astronauts flown.
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Astronaut Virgil I. "Gus" Grissom manned the mission.
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John Glenn was launched from Cape Canaveral. He was the first American to orbit the Earth.
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Carried astronauts Frank Borman and Jim Lovell. Mission lasted 14 days.
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First mission to land on the moon on the Saturn V rocket with Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin.
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A successful failure. Astronauts were saved before they died in space, yet, never reached the moon.