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Period: to
Civil War
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Mississippi Senator Presents Resolutions to the Senate
Jefferson Davis wanted the Senate to not only allow slavery within the territories, but to protect the slaveholders as well. -
Democratic Party holds covention
is over by may 3. pro-slavery platform is rejected. -
The Constitutional Union Party is Formed
Made up of the American and Whig Parties who held a meeting in Baltimore. Nominated as President:John Bell and Vice-President:Edward Everett -
Souther Delagates Meet in Baltimore for Serious Issue
Nominates John C. Breckinridge for president and Joseph Lane for vice-president. Calls for protection of rights to own slaves. -
Republican Abraham Lincoln Elected President
A man who was against slavary. Had 180 electoral votes vs. the total of combined candidates':123. -
James Buchanan Meets with his Cabinet
his cabinet is split along sectional lines for and against the convention and secession, has no solution to the crisis that he faces. -
Jeremiah Sullivan Black advises Buchanan on Secession
-Subject to the laws of the U.S. while in the Uion
-The President should continue to collect duties and protect public property,
-U.S. actions must be through the courts, and that no actions can be taken against talk of secession, only through defense against state agression.
He says the right of secession is denied, but U.S. can do nothing about it, since it would recognize secession. -
A manifesto is issued
7senators, 23 representatives, from southern states issue a manifesto urging secession. -
The Crittenden Compromise is Proposed
Consisted of six constitutional amendments and four resolutions. -
Washington: President Buchanan Series
Tells commitioners of South Carolina that he will NOT withdraw his troops from Charleston. -
Florida secedes from the Union
State convention held at Tallahassee. Vote 62-7. -
Alabama secedes from the Union
state convention at Montgomery. vote:61-39 -
Georgia secedes from the Union
a state convention at Milledgeville. vote 208-89 -
Louisiana Secedes from Union
State convention at Baton Rouge.Vote:113-17 -
Kansas admitted as Free State
The 34th state in the Union.Refers to state for all Civil War events. -
Texas Secedes from Union
State convention at Austin. Vote 166-7
Ratified in the referendum on February 23.Seceding states, which are now sovereign nations, seize Federal forts, arsenals, banks, and other Federal property. -
The Confederate States of America are Formed
(C.S.A.), Confederacy for short is a provisional government that in which was formed by the first six seceding states: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia and Louisiana. -
Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated President of the U. S.
Like Abraham's predecessor, (James Buchanan), does not want to to precipitate a war, hoping that with time, secession movement might collapse if Confederacy is limited to current 7 states. -
First Bull Run
Union losses:481 killed, 1,011 wounded, 1,210 missing/captured. Confederate losses:387 killed, 1,582 wounded, 13 missing.
The Confederate's victory is a big morale booster for the South. North depressed with realization that defeating the Confederacy will not be easy. -
Counties of Virginia vote for a new Federal State
39 pro-Counties of west virginia vote to form a new fedral state. Based on what was conversated at prevoius conventions beginning on April 22. -
Fort Henry is Captured
Although not much of a battle, the capture of Fort Henry opens the Tennessee River to Union into the South and the Confederate line across Kentucky is now useless. -
Stonewall Jackson leads Conferdate Troops Through Shenandoah Valley
Fighting well, even though outnumbered, the Confederates withdraw south in the valley.
Union losses:a103 killed, 400 wounded, 24 missing. Confederate losses: 80 killed, 342 wounded, 269 prisoners. -
Battle of Shiloh Resides
Gen. Grant leads 62,000 Union troops against 40,000 Confederate troops who lost the fight and were forced to retreat Corinth, Mississippi.
Union losses:1,734 killed, 8,408 wounded, 2,885 captured. Confederate losses:1,728 killed, 8,012 wounded, 959 captured. -
Mclellan attacks Lee's troops and wins
The Union troops of General Mclellan attacks Lee's Confedreate troops, forcing them to retrea back to Antietam.
Union losses:443 killed, 1,806 wounded.
Confederate losses:500 killed, 2,343 wounded, 1,500 captured. -
Abraham Lincoln announces the Emancipation Proclamation
The Emacipation Proclamation was made to be used an incentive to bring the states back to the way they were.Claiming that all rebellious slaves are now free.Abraham used congressional seats to show which areas had rebellious slaves. the Emancipation Proclamation actually freed only those slaves that had fled rebellious areas into northern armies. -
Lincoln Replaces General McClellan with General Everettt Burnside
Lincoln demotes McClellan as commander of the Army of the Potomac. Rumor has it that it was because of his studder habits. -
Confederate troops Attempt to destroy the Union troops at their weakest point
10,000 Confederate troops under General Thomas Hindman attempt to destroy 10,000 separated Union forces, but unite and repel the attack. Leaving the Confederates to retreat under severe winter weather.
Union losses:175 killed, 813 wounded, 263 missing. Confederate losses:164 killed, 817 wounded, 336 missing -
Vicksburg
Union troops under Maj. Gen. William Sherman attack Confederate troops under Gen. John Pemberton, but are forced to retreat. -
Stone's River
Union troops under Maj. Gen. William Starke Rosencrans battle Confederate troops under Maj. Gen. Braxton Bragg, but neither can defeat the other after ferocious fighting. -
Emancipation Proclamtion is put into action
The final version of the Emancipation Proclamation takes effect. -
Confederate troops attack Union port
Confederate troops and 4 improvised gunboats under Maj. Gen. John Bankhead Magruder attack and capture important port city held by 3 Union companies.
Union losses: 600 killed, wounded, missing and captured. Confederate losses:50 killed and wounded. -
First Regiment South Carolina Volunteers
Authority is granted to Col. Thomas Wentworth Higginson, a white officer, to establish the all-black First Regiment South Carolina. -
The First Federal Draft Act
Lincoln signs the first Federal draft act. Applies to men between 20 and 45, with exceptions. -
Union force Confederate troops to retreat northward
Two Union corps of Gen. Grant's army attack 2 Confederate corps that remain after most of the outnumbered 12,000 men retreat northward.
Union losses:42 killed, 251 wounded, 7 missing.
Confederate losses:50 killed and wounded -
General Lee moves corps to the Shenandoah Valley
Intent on invading the north through Pennsylvania.
Union losses:95 killed, 443 wounded, 89 missing, 4,443 captured. Confederate losses:42 milled, 410 wounded. -
Fort Sumter
413 marines and sailors unsuccessfully attack the fort at 1 a.m. Union losses :124 killed, wounded and missing.
There are no Confederate losses. -
Washington
U. S. Grant is ordered to command Mississippi, which includes the former Departments of the Ohio, Cumberland, and Tennessee.
Lincoln calls for 300,000 volunteers for Union armies. -
Lincoln issues annual message to Congresss
Plan for Reconstruction, called Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction.Pardons southerners taking loyalty oaths, except for high-ranking officials and criminals.
Also provides for establishing state governments without slavery. -
Morriatown
Union cavalry and troops are attacked and defeated by Confederate troops, who were retreating from Knoxville.
nion losses :700 killed and wounded.
onfederate losses:952 killed and wounded, 150 captured. -
Constitutional Convention adopts an anti-slavery measure
Constitution will be approved in a referendum on March 18. -
Lincoln Approves Slavery Policy
Approves policy where plantation owners can free their slaves and rehire them under fair contracts to work the land. -
Habeus Corpus
The Confederate Congress suspends the privilege of the write of habeus corpus to reduce the resistance to conscription and other disloyal activities. -
Confederate Troops Unsuccessfully defeat the Union Troops
Unsuccessfully attack Union troops in defensive positions, then retreat. Union losses:150 killed, 844 wounded, 375 missing. Confederate losses:1,200 killed and wounded, 426 missing. -
Union's attempt to capture Petersburg and Fails
Grant is now convinced that a siege and capture of roads and railroads into the city will bring success.
Union losses:1,688 killed, 8,513 wounded, 1,185 missing. Confederate losses:5,000 killed, wounded and missing. -
Federal Army of Cumberland
Unsuccessfully attacked by an equal number of Confederate troops, who in attempt, tried to dislodge the Union armies that were converging on Atlanta.
Union losses:300 killed, 1,410 wounded.
Confederate losses:1,113 killed, 2,500 wounded, 1,183 missing. -
Union vs. Confederate
Union battle the Confederates with no gain of victory by either side.
Union losses:327 killed, 1,855 wounded, 1,400 missing. Confederate losses:1,000 killed, wounded, and missing. -
Union army in major need of supplies
Needs to capture this fort on the Ogeechee River below Savannah from which Union ships can resupply his force.
Union losses: 24 killed, 110 wounded.
Confederate losses:48 killed and wounded, 200 missing. -
Union Army Attack and defeat Confederates
Confederate Army of Tennessee is ineffective, except for defense and retreats, pursued by Thomas' Army of Cumberland. -
60 Union ships bombard the fort in Wilmington harbor
The fort is useful in helping Confederate blockade runners. Union troops make an unsuccessful attempt to storm the fort. Union ships withdraw and fort remains in Confederate hands.
Union losses: 8 killed, 38 wounded.
Confederate losses:3 killed, 55 wounded, 280 prisoners. -
The 13th Amendment
Abolishing slavery is passed in the House of Representatives and will be sent to the states for ratification. -
Lincoln and Secretary of State meet Confederate commissioners
Lincoln said the full authority of the United States must be recognized by the rebelling states, which weren't a nation. Rejected a possible armistice and said the Confederacy must disband its troops. -
Sherman's Army
Threatened by overwhelming forces, Confederate troops evacuate the city. It will be surrendered to Union troops by the mayor on the following day.
Senate votes to repudiate all debts of the Confederate governments. -
Fifth Corps
The Confederates encircled south of the Appomattox River and Union army to the South Side Railroad, vital retreat and supply route between Petersburg and Richmond.
Union losses:124 killed, 706 wounded.
Confederate losses: unknown. -
Union forces nearly completely destroy Petersburg's defence lines
Cotton, tobacco and military stores are set afire, soon rage out of control.Shells exploded and city becomes an inferno.
Union losses: 296 killed, 2,565 wounded, 500 missing. Confederate losses: unknown,about 3,000 are captured. -
Abraham is Shot
While sitting in the presidential box at Ford's Theater at aprox. 10pm by actor John Wilkes Booth. Dies next morning.
Andrew Johnson(Vice president) takes the presidential oath of office. -
Abraham Lincoln is buried
Richard Taylor surrenders the Department of Alabama, Mississippi, and East Louisiana,
42,293 troops, to Maj. Gen. E. R. S. Canby. -
Jefferson Davis is served life prison for the murder of Abraham Lincoln
Although many northerners think he bears responsibility for Lincoln's death and deserves punishment, he will never be brought to trial. -
Johnson issues a general amnesty to all Confederates
After an oath of allegiance to the Union, all property except slaves will be fully restored. -
Johnson offers amnesty to all prisoners of war
Only if they take an oath that they never fought against the Union voluntarily. Once the oath is taken, they are released. -
Congress extends the scope and authority of Freedmen's Bureau
It is concerned with the condition, treatment and rights of blacks. It now would have the power to indict people who deprive blacks of their civil rights and would continue to give food, clothing and shelter to people in need. -
Congress accepts resolution from Joint Committee
States that confederate states will not be seated in Congress until admitted by Congress itself. However, it does produce guidelines for admission. -
Johnson declares an end of the war
10 states: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. Texas will be included to this list on August 20 -
The Civil Rights bill of 1866
Enacted by Congress:intention is to enforce the provisions of the 13th amendment that freed the slaves that has been violated by southerners who are suppressing blacks. -
KKK Founded
named it after the Greek word kuklos, which means circle. The name means "Circle of Brothers." A group who is against all immigrational races. -
The 14th Amendment
Provides constitutional definitions of civil rights. Northern congressmen attempt to maintain control over legislation by keeping southern Democrats out of Congress and give northern businessmen more opportunities to exploit southern resource. -
Tennessee
First state to ratify the 14th Amendment. -
Tennessee
Is readmitted to the Union. -
The end of war is declared for Texas.
Since all former confederate states are declared not in a state of insurrection, this date can be considered the end of the Civil War. -
Congress overrides another Johnson veto
Suffrage is granted to blacks. -
The First Reconstruction Act
Passed by Congress.
It divides all the former confederate states with "provisional" governments into 5 military districts, except Tennessee, which already was accepted into the Union. Each state will be governed by a military General appointed by the President. A condition of readmission to the Union is ratification of the 14th Amendment granting suffrage to black males. -
Tenure of Office Act
Passed by Congress.which denies the President the power to remove officials appointed or approved by Congress. This act later will become the justification for impeaching the President. -
Command of the Army Act
Passed by Congress. which requires the President to pass all military orders through the General of the Army, who at this time is Grant. Congress removes wartime excise taxes and exempts incomes over $1000 from taxation. -
Wool and Woolens Act
Passed by Congress. Made to increase wool import tariffs that is favorable to northern wool manufacturers. -
Johnson appoints the commanders to military districts
Coalitions among whites and blacks, "scalawags" in the South, elect representatives who are agreeable to civil rights. Northern civilians, called "carpetbaggers" in the South, under northern contracts to provide education, food, clothing, and shelter. -
Second Reconstruction Act
Passed by Congress. gives the military governors the right to establish state conventions for admission to the Union. -
Third Reconstruction Act
Passed by Congress. affirms the authority of the military district commanders to remove state officials from office.
