-
100
India-Economic
In 100 BC India’s spice trade with Rome reached its peak. India was now making new connections all around the area due to the new trade routes. -
Period: 100 to 200
India-Economic
From 200 to 100 BC trade routes are set up between Mediterranean and South India. This made it easier for India to trade and be prosperous. -
133
Rome-Economic
In 133 BC the soldier-farmers were being treated badly. After the people fought in war they would come home and find their farm sold or destroyed. This reduced many of the farmer to poverty. -
221
China-Interactions
In 221 B.C., after ruling for over 20 years, the Qin ruler assumed the name Shi Huangdi which means. The new emperor’s victories in war doubled China’s size. -
223
China-Interactions
Around 223 BC China started constructing its first walls which built up to the great wall of China. They did this to protect themselves in war. -
225
Greece-Interactions
The largest known Hellenistic statue was created on the island of Rhodes. Known as the Colossus of Rhodes, this bronze statue stood more than 100 feet high. One of the seven wonders of the ancient world, this huge sculpture was toppled by an earth quake in about 225 B.C. -
261
India-Political
In 261 BC the Battle of Kalinga took place. It was between the Mauryan Empire with Ashoka the Great and the ruler of the state of Kalinga. -
326
India-Political
Alexander The Great invades northern India in 326 BC. This was in ALexander’s conquest to try and take land and spread culture. -
Period: 371 to Oct 14, 600
Greece-Social
From around 600 to 371 BC the Spartans had the strongest army which means all lives were devoted to protecting Sparta. Girls’ lives were even different than normal for that time period, they received some military training, and they also ran, wrestled, and played sports. -
500
India-Cultural
Jainism was founded in 500 BC. This was a major early religion in Indus valley. -
551
China-Cultural
In 551 B.C., Confucius was born. Confucius became a teacher and a minister and his ideas molded Chinese thought for centuries. -
570
Islam-Cultural
Around A.D. 570, Muhammad was born. Muhammad was the main creator of the religion of Muslim. -
Oct 22, 600
Islam-Economic
By the early 600s CE, trade routes connected Arabia to the major ocean and land trade routes. Caravans carried goods to make money. -
Oct 22, 600
Islam-Interactions
By the early 600s CE, many Arabs had chosen to settle in an oasis or in a market town. Larger towns near the western coast of Arabia became market towns for local, regional, and long-distance trade goods. -
Oct 22, 613
Islam-Cultural
By 613 CE, Muhammad started preaching publicly in Mecca about Allah. When he did this he was met with much hostility. -
Oct 14, 616
Rome-Political
Around 616 BC, Rome came under the control of the Etruscans. They influenced Rome culture to be like Greek culture. -
Oct 14, 616
Rome-Interactions
In 616 BC when the Etruscans took control is when Rome’s first city walls were built. This provided protection for Rome. -
Oct 14, 616
Rome-Cultural
Rome was controlled by the Etruscans in 616 BC. When they took over they created Rome’s first alphabet and number system. -
Oct 14, 616
Rome-Cultural
The control of the Etruscans in Rome introduced gladiator games and chariot races to Rome (616 BC). -
Oct 14, 616
Rome-Cultural
The Etruscans, who took control of Rome in 616 BC influenced Rome sculpture and painting. Most of what historians know about Etruscans come from Rome items. -
Oct 22, 622
Islam-Inteactions
In 622 CE Muhammad and a band of follower migrated from Mecca to the town of Yathrib. This migration became known as the Hijrah. -
Oct 22, 630
Islam-Political
In 630 CE, the Prophet and 10,000 of his followers marched to the outskirts of Mecca. Facing sure defeat, Mecca’s leaders surrendered. The Prophet entered the city in triumph. -
Oct 22, 630
Islam-Cultural
When Muhammad took control of Mecca most of the Meccans pledged loyalty to him. This means that most Meccans abandoned their old religion and switched to Muslim. (630 CE) -
Oct 22, 632
Islam-Political
In 632 CE the people chose the first successor of Muhammad. A dear friend of Muhammad was chosen, Abu-Bakr, who became the first caliph. -
Oct 22, 634
Islam-Political
When Abu-Bakr died in 634 CE, the Muslim state controlled all of Arabia. Under Umar, the second caliph, Muslim armies conquered Syria and lower Egypt, which were part of the Byzantine Empire. -
Period: Oct 14, 700 to Oct 14, 750
Greece-Cultural
Sometime between 750 and 700 BC Homer, writer of the Iliad and the Odyssey, brought back the glory of writing in Greece by composing his epics, narrative poems celebrating heroic deeds. -
Oct 14, 725
Greece-Economic
Around 725 B.C., Sparta conquered the neighboring region of Messenia and took over the land. The Messenians became helots, peasants forced to stay on the land they worked. Each year, the Spartans demanded half of the helots crops. -
Oct 22, 732
Islam-Interactions
The Berber armies advanced north to within 200 miles of Paris before being halted at the Battle of Tours in 732 CE. They then settled in southern Spain. -
Oct 14, 750
Greece-Social
By 750 B.C., the city-state, or polis, was the fundamental political unit in ancient Greece. Some had monarchies, some had aristocracies (government ruled by a small group of noble, landowning families), or even oligarchies (government ruled by a few powerful people). -
Period: Oct 14, 750 to Oct 14, 1150
Greece-Cultural
Around 1150 BC and through 750 BC no written records of Greece were kept. Historians believe this happened because when the Dorians took over (who were much less advanced than the Mycenaeans) they lost the art of writing. -
Oct 22, 750
Islam-Cultural
By 750 CE, the Muslim Empire stretched 6,000 miles from the Atlantic Ocean to the Indus River. All people that were Muslims in this area were not required to pay poll tax. -
Oct 14, 753
Rome-Political
The city of rome was founded by Romulus and Remus in 753 BC. They were raised by wolves. -
Oct 14, 753
Rome-Economic
After the the beginning of Rome in 753 BC, the Latins made the city very prosperous. It was very prosperous because of its locations near trade routes and position near the sea. -
Oct 22, 762
Islam-Social
Because the Qur’an forbade forced conversion, Conquered peoples had the right to follow their own religion. The Qur’an is like what the Bible is to christians. -
Oct 22, 762
Islam-Social
Caliph al-Mansur chose the site for his capital on the west bank of the Tigris River in 762 CE. In Baghdad the upper class included those who were Muslims at birth. Converts to Islam were in the second class. The third class consisted of the
“protected people” and included Christians, Jews, and Zoroastrians. The lowest class was composed of slaves. -
Oct 22, 762
Islam-Cultural
To solidify power, the Abbasids moved the capital of the empire in 762 CE to a newly created city, Baghdad, in central Iraq. The location on key trade routes gave the caliph access to trade goods, gold, and information about the far-flung empire. -
Oct 14, 771
China-Political
In 771 B.C., nomads from the north and west attacked the Zhou capital and murdered the Zhou monarch. This caused the decline of the Zhou dynasty and caused the period of the warring states. -
Period: Oct 14, 1000 to Oct 14, 1100
Rome-Interactions
The Latins migrated into Italy in the 1000s BC. These were the people that built Rome -
Period: Nov 25, 1000 to Nov 25, 1500
India-Cultural
Hymns are produced in India from 1500 to 1000 BC. These are the earliest hymns recorded. -
Oct 14, 1027
China-Economic
From when the Zhou started ruling in 1027 B.C. coined money was introduced, which further improved trade. -
Oct 14, 1027
China-Economic
The Zhou dynasty (Started in 1027 BC) developed blast furnaces which produced cast iron (Good for trade and development). -
Oct 14, 1027
China-Economic
Roads and canals were developed during the Zhou dynasty (started in 1027 BC) which improved trade -
Oct 14, 1027
China-Political
Around 1027 B.C. the Zhou overthrew the Shang and established their own dynasty. This brought new ideas to the Chinese civilization. -
Period: Oct 14, 1027 to
China-Political
The Shang Dynasty lasted from around 1700 B.C. to 1027B.C. This was the first ruling family to keep written records. -
Period: Oct 14, 1100 to
Greece-Political
Strong rulers controlled the areas around other Mycenaean cities, such as Tiryns and Athens. These kings dominated Greece from about 1600 to 1100 B.C. -
Oct 14, 1200
Greece-Political
Around 1200 B.C., sea raiders attacked and burned many Mycenaean cities. According to tradition, a new group of people, the Dorians moved into the war-torn countryside. -
Oct 14, 1200
Greece-Economic
Trade halted for Greece right after 1200 BC after the Dorians took control from the Mycenaeans because they were far less advanced and the economy collapsed. -
Period: Oct 14, 1200 to Oct 14, 1300
Greece-Poltical
During the 1200s B.C., the Mycenaeans fought a ten-year war against Troy, an independent trading city located in Anatolia. For many years historians thought the war was fake, but excavations proved it existence. -
Period: Oct 14, 1339 to Oct 14, 1347
Egypt-Social
From 1347 to 1339 BC Tutankhamun became pharaoh. This shows that even kids kids could be rulers back then. -
Period: Oct 14, 1350 to Oct 14, 1367
Egypt-Cultural
From 1367 to 1350 B.C. Egypt was under the rule of Akhnaton. As ruler Akhnaton outlawed the worship of all gods except Aton, the sun god. -
Period: Oct 14, 1458 to Oct 14, 1473
Egypt-Economic
From 1473 to 1458 BC Queen Hatshepsut expanded Egyptian trade and influence. This helped Egypt gain power. -
Oct 14, 1499
Greece-Economic
Sometime after 1500 B.C., through either trade or war, the Mycenaeans came into contact with the Minoan civilization. This set up sea trade for the Mycenaeans. -
Oct 14, 1500
Greece-Cultural
Around 1500 BC when the Mycenaeans met the Minoans they adopted the Minoan writing system to the Greek language and decorated vases with Minoan designs. The Minoan- influenced culture of Mycenae formed the core of Greek religious practice, art, politics, and literature. -
Period: Oct 14, 1523 to
Egypt-Political
The prosperity of the Middle Kingdom did not last. The Hyksos ruled much of Egypt from 1630 to 1523 B.C. -
Period: to
India-Interactions
Harappa arises in indus valley from 3300 to 1600 BC. Harappa is a major village. -
Egypt-Interactions
In about 1640 B.C., a group from the area of Palestine moved across the Isthmus of Suez into Egypt. These people were the Hyksos (HIHK•sahs), which meant “the rulers of foreign lands.” -
Period: to
Egypt-Political
Strong pharaohs regained control during the Middle Kingdom (2040–1640 B.C.) These Pharaohs restored law and order within the people. They also built huge dikes to trap and channel the Nile’s floodwaters for irrigation. -
Period: to
Egypt-Economic
When the pharaohs retook control around 2040–1640 B.C. they improved trade and transportation by digging a canal from the Nile to the Red Sea. This helped with economic growth for Egypt. -
Period: to
Mesopotamia-Social
From 1792 to 1750 B.C. Hammurabi ruled the babylonian empire. His most remembered achievement was a code of laws he set up. The code lists 282 specific laws dealing with everything that affected the community, including family relations, business conduct, and crime. -
Period: to
Egypt-Social
From 1787 to 1783 B.C. The first woman pharaoh ruled. Not much is known about her though. -
China-Social
In ancient China Family was more important than the individual. A person’s chief loyalty throughout life was to the family. Beyond this, people owed obedience and respect to the ruler of the Middle Kingdom, just as they did to the elders in their family. Settlements were made around 2000 BC. -
China-Interactions
Around 2000 B.C. small settlements grew into China’s first cities. This was the start of the Chinese empire -
China-Cultural
Around 2000 B.C. China’s engineer and mathematician made flood control and irrigation projects so that Chinese settlements could grow. -
Chinese-Cultural
In China, the family was closely linked to religion. The Chinese believed that the spirits of family ancestors had the power to bring good fortune or disaster to living members of the family. The Chinese did not regard these spirits as mighty gods. -
Greece-Interactions
Some of the people migrating from the Eurasian steppes settled in the mainland of Greece around 2000 BC.This started the Greek civilization, the were later known as Mycenaeans. -
China-Social
The start of the first settlements in 2000 B.C. formed early cities. The higher classes lived in timber-framed houses with walls of clay and straw. These houses lay inside the city walls. The peasants and crafts-people lived in huts outside the city. -
China-Social
The way the Chinese civilization was set up in 2000 BC was the society was sharply divided between nobles and peasants. A ruling class of warrior-nobles headed by a king governed the Shang. These noble families owned the land. They governed the scattered villages within the Shang lands and sent tribute to the Shang ruler in exchange for local control. -
Period: to
Mesopotamia-Social
Between 3000 and 2000 B.C. Sumerian women could work as merchants, farmers, or artisans. They could hold property in their own names. Women could also join the priesthood. Some upper-class women did learn to read and write, though Sumer's written records mention few female scribes. -
Period: to
Mesopotamia-Social
Between 3000 and 2000 B.C. with the development of city-states came social classes. Kings, landholders, and some priests made up the highest level in Sumerian society. Wealthy merchants ranked next. The vast majority of ordinary Sumerian people worked with their hands in fields and workshops. At the lowest level of Sumerian society were the slaves. -
Islam-Social
The shari’a gave Muslim women specific legal rights concerning marriage, family, and property. Thus, Muslim women had more economic and property rights than European, Indian, and Chinese women of the same time period. (762 CE) -
Greece-Social
More far-reaching democratic reforms were introduced by Solon, who came to power in 594 B.C. Stating that no citizen should own another citizen, Solon outlawed debt slavery. He organized all Athenian citizens into four social classes according to wealth. -
Rome-Social
In the beginning of the republic (508 BC), patrician families elected government officials from among themselves. This gave them control over every aspect of society. -
Rome-Social
When invaders threatened Rome in 494 BC the plebeians (common people) withdrew from Rome and would not fight without more rights. Begrudgingly the patricians gave them more rights, so they would have an army to defend their city. -
Rome-Social
In 149 BC the Romans defeated Carthage. When they did this they destroyed the city and made the Carthage people their slaves. -
Rome-Political
In 509 BC, Rome revolted and threw out the last king, a tyrant. This is when Rome became a republic -
Rome-Interactions
In 218 BC, Hannibal led an army with elephants into battle. This helped Rome win the battles. -
Period: to
Rome-Economic
From 27 BC to 180 AD it was a time called Pax Romana. During this time there was a stable government and widespread trade, which made for a prosperous time. -
Period: to 563
India-Cultural
From 563 to 486 BC Buddha lives. He creates one of the most popular religions to this day. -
Period: to 324
India-Political
Chandragupta ruled from 324 to 298 BC. He was the first emperor to unify most of Greater India into one state -
Egypt-Interactions
When strong pharaohs retook control in 2040 BC, they implemented many new ideas. One being how they created thousands of new acres of farmland by draining the swamps of Lower Egypt. -
Egypt-Political
The power of the pharaohs declined about 2180 B.C. This power decline marked the end of the Old Kingdom. -
Mesopotamia-Cultural
Around 2300 B.C. the first map ever was made. The map was drawn on a clay tablet. The map also had cuneiform writing on it. -
Mesopotamia-Cultural
About 2350 B.C., a conqueror named Sargon defeated the city-states of Sumer. Sargon led his army from Akkad, a city-state north of Sumer. The Akkadians had long before adopted most aspects of Sumerian culture. Sargon’s conquests helped to spread that culture even farther, beyond the Tigris-Euphrates Valley. -
Mesopotamia-Political
After 2500 B.C. many cities became ruled by dynasties. A series of rulers from the same family is a dynasty. This happened because after the military rulers became full leaders they just passed down the throne to their sons. -
Mesopotamia-Cultural
Around 2500 B.C. the sumerians had made many advances in technology. by now the people of sumer had created a wheel and a mth system based on the number 60. Also, using bronze for various tools and weapons. -
Mesopotamia-Economic
By 2500 B.C. cities were popping up all over the crescent. Because of summer’s city-state’s surplus of food from their farms they were able to increase long distance trade with the new places for what they needed. Because of this summer grew very prosperous. -
Egypt-Social
Around 2500 B.C. when the pyramids were being built people from the lowest social class of farming came to work on the pyramids (they were provided food and shelter). They usually went to work on the pyramids when it was flood season and they couldn’t farm. -
India-Interactions
Another civilization formed in what is now present day Pakistan and India around 2500 B.C. Historians know less about its origins and the reasons for its eventual decline than they do about the origins and decline of Mesopotamia and Egypt, because the language of the culture has not been translated. -
India-Social
Around 2500 B.C., while Egyptians were building pyramids, people in the Indus Valley were laying the bricks for India’s first cities. This was the beginning of urbanization of the Indus river valley. They built strong levees, or earthen walls, to keep water out of their cities. -
Period: to
Egypt-Interactions
From 2630 to 2611 B.C. the first step pyramids were being built. This was during the reign of Zoser. -
Period: to
Egypt-Economic
From 3100 to 2649 B.C. Egypt established trade with Nubia and Palestine. This allowed for exponential economic growth for Egypt. -
Mesopotamia-Political
After 3000 B.C. wars became more frequent for the sumerians.gradually priests and the people gave the generals more permanent control of standing armies. In time some military leaders became full leaders. -
Mesopotamia-Political
In 3000 B.C. the sumerians had many cities that shared cultures, but different governments. Each city and its surrounding land it owned made a city-state. Each city state acted more like an independant country than a city. -
Mesopotamia-Interactions
By 3000 B.C the sumerians had built a number of cities. Each of the cities were surrounded by fields of wheat and barley. they were able to grow those crops because of the fertile soil. -
Egypt-Cultural
Hieroglyphics started around 3000 B.C. This allowed the Egyptians to keep records. -
Egypt-Cultural
The start of the Egyptian civilization around 3000 B.C. led to the development of a calendar. The calendar divided the year into 365 days, 12 months a year, and 30 days a month with 5 days added on for holidays and feasting. The calendar was only off 6 hours of an actual solar year. -
Greece-Interactions
By 3000 BC, Minoans had settled on the island of Crete in the Mediterranean sea. They created an elegant civilization as the same time Greece was growing. -
India-Economic
By about 3200 B.C., people were farming in villages along the Indus River. The Indus river brought fertile soil just like the Euphrates and Tigris. People could trade crops now -
Mesopotamia-Interactions
Around 3300 B.C. The sumerian people began to show up. We also read about the sumerians in chapter 1. Good soil is what attracted them there. There were some disadvantages too though, like flooding and limited resources. -
Mesopotamia-Interactions
Before 4500 B.C. people first started arriving in mesopotamia. They settled in the rather swampy area between the tigris and euphrates river. Those people began to farm. -
Period: to
India-Interactions
From 70,000 to 50,000 BC the first humans migrate to India. It is not he correct date because timetoast doesn't allow numbers that high.