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An ecclesiastical tribunal established by Pope Gregory IX for the suppression of heresy. They were predominant in Northern Italy and Southern France. Known for their cruel torture and burning people at the stake.
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Petrarch was an Italian scholar and poet in Renaissance Italy. He was one of the first humanists. He is best known for the Iyric poetry of his Canzoniere and is considered one of the greatest love poets of world literature.
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Philosophical stance that values human lives and importance. Humans are valued both individually and collectively. Prefers critical thinking and evidence over superstition
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After Johannes Guttenberg created the printing press, the access to books became much easier. Intelligence of people went up. The bible was also created to be read in the vernacular, lessening corruption in the church.
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Leonardo Da Vinci was a renaissance artist, he sculpted, painted, and had diaries of inventions and ideas. Some works he's most known for are "Mona Lisa" and "The Last Supper". He was a brilliant man, known as a perfect "Renaissance Man".
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Erasmus was a Dutch Renaissance humanist, Catholic priest, social critic, teacher, and theologian. Defined humanist movement in Northern Europe. Author of many books, such as "The Praise of Folly".
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Machiavelli was a Italian diplomat, politician, historian, philosopher, humanist, and writer of the Renaissance period. He is best known for writing "The Prince". "The Prince" was about how to rise to power in politics.
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Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance- and Reformation-era mathematician and astronomer. Created idea of the heliocentric theory. Theory that the Earth revolves around the sun.
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Michelangelo was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet of the renaissance. He's known most commonly for painting the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and sculpting the statue of David. Regarded as one of the best artists of the renaissance.
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Martin Luther revolted against the churches corruption. He nailed a list of complaints to the door of the church. Creator of Lutheranism.
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King of England, had six wives. Broke away from the Catholic Church to divorce his first wife. King Henry VIII suffered many diseases and injuries throughout his life.
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Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. She was the last monarch of the Tudor family. Reunited protestant religions and Christianity.
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John Calvin was an influential French theologian, pastor and reformer during the Protestant Reformation. Created Calvinism. Calvinists are the first group to come to America.
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The sale of indulgences was a scheme by the Church to make money. If you bough indulgences, it lessened your time in purgatory. Martin Luther called out the Church for these exploits, making him an enemy of the Church.
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Raphael was an Italian painter and architect. His work is admired for its clarity of form, and ease of composition. He's known as one of the best artists of the renaissance.
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Theory that the Earth revolves around the sun. Ideas created by Copernicus, and later added to by Galileo. The Church disagreed with this theory, making Galileo a heretic.
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William Shakespeare was an English poet, playwright, and actor. He created any words for the English language. Many of his plays are still read and studied today.
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Bases for experiments and theories. Come up with a hypothesis, gather evidence, and test it. Created by Francis Bacon, but influenced by Galileo.
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Galileo was an Italian polymath. Created the first practical telescope. Galileo was a huge influence from scientific renaissance to the scientific revolution.
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Sir Isaac Newton was an English mathematician, astronomer, and physicist. Recognized as one of the most influential figures in science. Discovered multiple scientific laws for physics.
