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Jabar ibn Hayyan discovered these acids while distilling various salts together with sulfuric acid. He discovered hydrochloric acid from salt, and nitric acid from saltpeter.
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Ja'far al-Sadiq developed a theory that follows, "The universe was born out of a tiny particle, which had two opposite poles. That particle produced an atom. In this way, the matter came into being. Then the matter diversified. This diversification was caused by the density or rarity of the atoms."
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Al-Kindi was the first to disprove the study of traditional alchemy and the theory of the transmutation of metals into more valuable metals. (gold or silver).
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Al-Razi, who in his Doubts about Galen, was the first one to prove Aristotle's theory of classical elements as well as Galen's theory of humorism wrong using an experimental method.
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Al-Farabi wrote: The Necessity of the Art of the Elixir
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Muhammed ibn Umail al-Tamimihe, wrote a Book of the Explanation of the Symbols.
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Ibn Sina perfected steam distillation to produce essential oils such as rose essence, which he used as aromatherapeutic treatments for heart conditions.
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Nasir al-Din al-Tusi contributed to the field of chemistry, affirming an early law of conservation of mass.
