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Period: 500 to 1450
Medieval Period
Medieval music was liturgical and secular. It started off mainly liturgical, with Gregorian Chants. Secular became more prevalent in the 13th and 14th century. Purely instrumental music emerged, as well as dance music. -
Period: 800 to 814
Charlemagne
He was a Holy Roman Emperor who had great interest in church music. He implemented a lot of policies that involved people with music. He helped to standardize chants across Western Europe, and helped preserve early medieval manuscripts -
900
Music enchririadis
It was an anonymous musical treatise. It is the earliest surviving attempt at establishing a system of rules for polyphony in Western Music. Described system for modes, notation, and plainchant. -
1025
Guido of Arezzo Micrologus
It is a book that outlines singing practice for Gregorian Chant. Guido is the "Father of Western Notation" and his work shaped music notation and learning. -
Period: 1098 to 1179
Hildegard of Bingen
She was a German poet and composer. She also wrote about medicine. She had many visions in her life and was very respected for the work that she had done. She contributed to advancements in theology and medicine -
Period: 1160 to 1270
Notre Dame School of Polyphony
It was a school under the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris. It produced the earliest polyphonic music to gain international recognition. All composers at the school were anonymous except for Leonin and Perotin. -
Period: 1170 to 1260
Troubadors/Trobairitz
They were composers and performers. They wrote songs about courtly love. They involved themes of adultery and the implicit issues that love may bring, such as being in love with someone who isn't in love with you. -
Period: 1250 to 1280
Franco of Cologne/ Ars Cantus Mensurabilis
It is a music treatise written by Franco of Cologne. It suggested that individual notes could have their own rhythms regardless of context. It served as the basis for Ars Nova. -
Period: 1300 to 1377
Guillame de Machaut
He was a medieval French composer. He wrote more secular music than liturgical, and also was the first to actually notate secular music. -
1320
Ars Nova Treatise
It was a treatise written by composer Philippe de Vitry. It means "New Art". Smaller not values began being used , and less of the rhythmic modes from Ars Antiqua were used. -
Period: 1335 to 1397
Francesco Landini
He was an Italian composer. He was a leading composer in the 14th century, and the most widely praised in Italian Ars Nova. Landini cadence became a key feature in Italian music in the 15th century. -
1440
Gutenburg Printing Press
Created by Johannes Gutenburg. Allowed text to be printed more efficiently, effectively allowing information to be more accessible and widespread. -
Period: 1450 to
Renaissance
"Rebirth"
Time of great development in music and arts, while also a renewed interest in ancient Greece and Rome. -
1515
Josquin’s Missa Pangue Lingua
Josquin's last known mass setting. It is a cantus firmus mass. Combined many techniques to create a new style. -
1529
Martin Luther’s Ein feste burg
Hymn written my Protestant Reformer, Martin Luther. It increased the support for the reformers. -
1538
Arcadelt Il bianco e dolce cigno
A homophonic piece written by Jacques Acadelt. Humorous in the aspect that it is about sex, and the death is a metaphor for sexual climax. -
1567
Palestrina Pope Marcellus Mass
The best known mass written by Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina. He uses a lot of imitative polyphony in order to better understand the words and keep them from being obscured by the music. -
Period: 1580 to
Concerto delle Donne
It was a group of professional women singers in the court of Ferrara, Italy. -
Sonata pian’e forte
It was written by Giovanni Gabrieli in Venice, Italy in 1597. It is an instrumental piece that uses soft and loud dynamics. -
Period: to
Baroque
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Monteverdi's L'Orfeo
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First Public Concerts in England
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Purcell's Dido and Aeneas c. 1683-1688
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JS Bach
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Handel
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Antonio Vivaldi's L’Estro Armonico
It was Vivaldi's first opera and one of the firsts in it's genre. -
The Well-Tempered Clavier volume 1 c. 1720
Bach had accomplished equal temperament. -
Brandenburg Concertos
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Rameau's Traité de l’harmonie
The Treatise standardized music theory. -
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Pre-Classical
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Franz Joseph Haydn
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Handel's Messiah
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WA Mozart
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Viennese Classical
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Beethoven
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Chevalier de Saint-Georges as director of Concerts des Amateurs
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Haydn's op.33 String Quartets
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Mozart's Piano Concerto No.23
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Mozart's Don Giovanni
(Italics are not allowed) -
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Haydn's London Symphonies
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Schubert
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Symphony No.5 in C minor
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Erlkönig
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Rossini's Il Barbiere di Siviglia
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Niccolo Paganini 's 24 Caprices for Unaccompanied Violin, op.1
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Symphony No. 8 "Unfinished"
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Symphony No. 9
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Frederic Chopin Mazurkas Op.7
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Berlioz Symphonie fantastique
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Robert Schumann Carnaval
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Fanny Mendelssohn-Hensel Das Jahr
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Clara Wieck Schumann"Liebst du um Schönheit"
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Berlioz Treatise on Instrumentation
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Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy - Violin Concerto in E minor, Op.64
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Verdi 's La traviata
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Louis Moreau Gottschalk's Souvenir de Porto Rico
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Wagner's Tristan und Isolde
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Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen
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Mussourgsky's Boris Godunov
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Bizet's Carmen
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Brahms' Symphony No.4
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Mahler's Symphony No.1
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Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker
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Dvorak's Symphony No.9 “New World"
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Puccini's Madama Butterfly
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Shostakovich Symphony No.5 premiere
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Prokofiev Alexander Nevsky
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Olivier Messiaen's Quatuor pour le fine du temps
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Copland Appalachian Spring
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John Cage's 4’33’’
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Edgar Varese Poeme Electronique
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Miles Davis Kind of Blue
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George Crumb's Black Angels
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John Adams' Short Ride in a Fast Machine