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The United States Supreme Court rules held African Americans, whether slave or free, could not be American citizens and therefore had no standing to sue in federal court.
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Minnesota becomes the 32nd state.
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The Civil war begins when Confederate forces fire upon U.S. troops stationed at Fort Sumter, South Carolina.
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The first major battle for the First Minnesota. The First Minnesota suffered more than any other Unionn regiment at Bull Run.
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First Minnesota at GettysburgThe Battle at Gettysburg is fought in Pennsylvania.
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The Civil War is declared to be over.