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The fall of Rome happened after political power/control was lost in the Western Roman Empire. -
The time period between the fall of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance.
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Melodies of the Medieval period were mainly conjunct and were based on the eight church modes. What was also common were the melismas that were in multiple genres. The rhythms used during this time were what is known as the six Medieval rhythmic modes and these were used from the twelfth to the thirteenth century. Most of the music from this era was monophonic but by the end of the Medieval period, polyphonic textures were becoming more common.
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A plainchant "melody" with an added melody. It was officially described around 900 CE and then notated around 1000 CE. -
Neumes are what we know as notes today, though they didn't function as notes do now. Still, they were used for musical notation before the creation of the staff. -
A music theorist who's credited with creating the staff, using a red line for F and a yellow line for C. -
The founder and abbess of the convent located in Rupertsburg, Germany and is most famous for her visions. She wrote liturgical dramas as well as religious poetry. Her style of music was more elaborate than Gregorian chant as it was more expressive, had wider range, used interesting leaps, and it used poetic texts. -
A famous troubadour and considered one of the finest troubadour poets. He's important due to his musics' survival more than any other poet from the twelfth century. -
First composer of polyphonic music whose name that we now know and has been credited with creating Magnus liber orgnani (c. 1170). -
A troubadour from southern France and served the court in Montferrat, which is in northern Italy. He wrote at least 35 poems, 7 of them surviving with music. -
A poet and Minnesinger who worked at the Viennese court and wrote the earliest surviving minnesinger melody. He was considered by his contemporaries that he was a leading composer and poet among Minnesinger. -
A master of discant organum at the Cathedral of Notre Dame. He is also a supposed student of Leonin. -
A famous female troubadour who has left the only surviving melody by a female troubadour. -
A trouvere that wrote in several genres and forms and was also a monk at Arras. -
One of the last trouveres and he wrote polyphony. He also studied in Paris. -
The first composer of the Ars Nova. -
The most famous composer and poet of this time. His works include more than twenty extant motets, several extant chansons, and one of the first polyphonic mass cycles. -
A music theorist, poet, composer, and organist who's famous for being blind. He is also considered to be the most famous composer of the fourteenth century. -
A bubonic plague pandemic that killed anywhere from twenty-five to two-hundred million people. It's the most fatal pandemic in history. -
The leading English composer during the Renaissance and was a huge influence for the musical style in Europe. His musics' "English quality" impressed many composers. He has about fifty compositions that are extant, though there are probably more. However, his works were not published until 1953. -
The first Renaissance composer who used older medieval cadences. -
A bass singer who was very respected and prolific. He also served three kings and was an important teacher. -
The genres of music during the Renaissance include sacred and secular music. Sacred music included masses, motets, and separate pieces by liturgical titles while secular music had frottola, madrigals, chansons, and other types of poetic pieces for music.
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The following instruments are ones used during this time period: the shawm, crumhorns, vielle, lute, dulcimer, psaltery, rebec, and the theorbo.
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When it came down to melody, Renaissance music was flowing and melismatic. Wider leaps were used for expression of text but the melodies were still more conjunct. Rhythm no longer had a complexity and was instead simple in music during this era. For harmony, 3rd and 6th progressions became the focus and this resulted in complete triads. Consonance was also preferred over dissonance. Renaissance music still had the basis of church modes.
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A period in history in which the culture, art, music, economy, and politics in Europe were reborn after the Medieval Era.
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A composer and a music theorist who wrote about contemporary music and wrote "Diffinitorum musices." -
Invented by Johann Gutenberg, the printing press was a revolutionary invention that made literature more accessible to everyone, which resulted in an increase of knowledge and learning to those who didn't have access to education. -
The most revered Renaissance composer especially by Martin Luther. He was considered by Luther to be the "best composer of our time" and "the master of notes." -
A Franco-Flemish, prolific composer who influenced German music. -
The father of text expression and advocated for textual expression. -
An English composer who wrote a forty-voice part motet. -
One of the most prolific composers of the Renaissance. -
The most famous composer from the Renaissance. -
One of the most versatile and prolic composers in the sixteenth century with over two-thousand compositions in all languages. -
An important Catholic English composer who worked in Protestant England. -
A sacred music composer known to be the greatest Spanish composer in the Renaissance. He continues to carry Palestrina's style as he worked in Spain. -
A leading composer in instrumental ensemble music and polychoral works duing the Renaissance.