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476
The Fall of Rome and start of Medieval Era
Slow changes in life, culture, and dissemination of knowledge.
Views of Music
Divine: Music came from God
Cosmic: Music was actively being created in the movements of the stars and planets: music of the spheres. -
476
Plainchant
The Catholic Church. Chant, Gregorian Chant. This was a type of monophonic sacred song, unaccompanied, little range, free rhythm, and using the 8 church modes. -
476
Church Modes
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476
Mass Service Parts
Two Parts:Ordinary (set text)
Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei -
Period: 476 to 1420
Middle Ages/Medieval Period
The music from this time period was largely functional, used in religious services, weddings, entertainment etc. Music pitches and notations as we know them now were not yet developed. The church was the primary institution that created music. Melodies were confined to a range, most was a monophonic texture. Overall, not much was developed during this time period. -
Period: 476 to 1450
Medieval Period
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Period: 715 to 731
Pope Gregory Ruling
Gregorian Chant(roman dialect of chant. Kyrie was one, by Anonymous, c. 10th century. -
800
Early Polyphony
Began to emerge during the Romanesque era. Organum is the first known form. -
900
Organum
Plainchant melody with added melody. Resulted when piece was sung with parallel 4th and 5ths. -
Period: 991 to 1033
Guido d'Arezzo
credited with inventing the staff, Suggested using a red line for F and a yellow line for C.
Diastematic notation -
1098
Hildegard von Bingen
Born to noble family who promised their 10th child to God. She was it. She DID NOT do Gregorian chant. -
Period: 1098 to 1179
Hildegard von Bingen
Founder and abbess of the convent in Rupertsberg, Germany. Famous for prophetic powers and revelations. Wrote liturgical dramas and religious poetry. First female composer in contemporary musicology to receive extensive scholarly research. -
Period: 1150 to 1201
Leonin
First Composer of polyphonic music. Credited with compiling the Magnus liber organi -
1152
Alleluia, O virga mediatrix
From the morality play Ordo Virtutum (play of virtues). Hildegard invented this genre. -
1200
Perotin
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Period: 1291 to 1361
Philippe de Vitry's
treatise ca.1322/3, called Ars Nova discussed some of the more modern techniques. Compositional technique called isorhythm. -
Period: 1300 to 1350
Ars Nova/Trecento
Primary change in musical style during 14th century. Refers to new style in France while Trecento was for Italy. -
Period: 1300 to 1377
Guillaume de Machut
Most famous composer and poet at the time. -
Period: 1325 to 1397
Francesco Landini
Music Theorist, composer, poet etc. Most famous Italian composer of the 14th century. -
1340
The Bubonic plague (The Black Death)
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Period: 1430 to
Renaissance=Rebirth
New complex currents of thought concerning: Arts, Science, and Religion. Musically what changed is the approach to chant, emphasis went from function to beauty. Key points: SCIENCE -
Period: 1435 to 1511
Johannes Tinctoris
Composer and music theorist. Wrote first dictionary of musical terms. -
1440
Printing Press Invention
Johannes Gutenberg -
1452
Leonardo da Vinci
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Period: 1452 to 1519
Leonardo da Vinci
Artist, scientist and inventor during the Renaissance. -
Period: 1525 to
Palestrina
Most famous composer of Renaissance