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Slow changes in life, culture, and dissemination of knowledge.
Views of Music
Divine: Music came from God
Cosmic: Music was actively being created in the movements of the stars and planets: music of the spheres. -
The Catholic Church. Chant, Gregorian Chant. This was a type of monophonic sacred song, unaccompanied, little range, free rhythm, and using the 8 church modes.
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Two Parts:Ordinary (set text)
Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei -
The music from this time period was largely functional, used in religious services, weddings, entertainment etc. Music pitches and notations as we know them now were not yet developed. The church was the primary institution that created music. Melodies were confined to a range, most was a monophonic texture. Overall, not much was developed during this time period.
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Gregorian Chant(roman dialect of chant. Kyrie was one, by Anonymous, c. 10th century.
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Began to emerge during the Romanesque era. Organum is the first known form.
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Plainchant melody with added melody. Resulted when piece was sung with parallel 4th and 5ths.
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credited with inventing the staff, Suggested using a red line for F and a yellow line for C.
Diastematic notation -
Born to noble family who promised their 10th child to God. She was it. She DID NOT do Gregorian chant. -
Founder and abbess of the convent in Rupertsberg, Germany. Famous for prophetic powers and revelations. Wrote liturgical dramas and religious poetry. First female composer in contemporary musicology to receive extensive scholarly research.
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First Composer of polyphonic music. Credited with compiling the Magnus liber organi
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From the morality play Ordo Virtutum (play of virtues). Hildegard invented this genre.
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treatise ca.1322/3, called Ars Nova discussed some of the more modern techniques. Compositional technique called isorhythm.
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Primary change in musical style during 14th century. Refers to new style in France while Trecento was for Italy.
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Most famous composer and poet at the time.
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Music Theorist, composer, poet etc. Most famous Italian composer of the 14th century.
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New complex currents of thought concerning: Arts, Science, and Religion. Musically what changed is the approach to chant, emphasis went from function to beauty. Key points: SCIENCE
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Composer and music theorist. Wrote first dictionary of musical terms.
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Johannes Gutenberg -
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Artist, scientist and inventor during the Renaissance.
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Most famous composer of Renaissance