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zenger trial
The Trial ofJohn Peter Zengerdescription:New York, Governor Cosby convinces the Provincial Council to order the public burning of the newspaper John Peter Zenger is arrested on the Provincial Council’s orders
important; john zenger, govenor cosby
why:colonial press became more open and free -
Period: to
albany congress
Bonomi, Patricia, A Factious People, Politics and Society in Colonial America, 1971, ISBN 0-231-03509-8descripton: discuss better relations with the Indian tribes and common defensive measures against the French.
people: ben franklin, james delancy, peter wraxall -
Period: to
Seven year war
Anderson, Fred. Crucible of War: The Seven Years' War and the Fate of Empire in British North America, 1754–1766. Faber and Faber, 2000.description: a war between france, great britain, indians, central america and african countries
important people: George washington
why: because deterimined the the furture of our country and it is what developed our countries culture -
fort Ticonderoga
"Fort Ticonderoga Hours and Rates". Fort Ticonderoga Association. Retrieved 2009-01-10.
description:fort used in french and indian, revelutionary, and others
why:british had control over in a lot -
Period: to
Seven years war
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treaty of paris 1763
Conklin, William E. (1979). In Defence of Fundamental Rights. Springer.
why:It ended the Seven Years' War
desscription:by the kingdoms of Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement. -
Period: to
pontiacs rebellion
Anderson, Fred. Crucible of War: The Seven Years' War and the Fate of Empire in British North America, 1754–1766. New York: Knopf, 2000. ISBN 0-375-40642-5. desciption: Native American tribes primarily from the Great Lakes region, who were dissatisfied with British postwar policies in the Great Lakes region
Time: May 1763 -1766
important people: jeffery amhurst
why -
Period: to
sugar act
Draper, Theodore. A Struggle For Power:The American Revolution. (1996) ISBN 0-8129-2575-0description:was a revenue-raising act passed by the Parliament of Great Britain on April 5, 1764.
important people: Samuel Adams and James Otis
why: it was the economic impact rather than the constitutional issue of taxation without representation that was the main focus for the colonists. -
Period: to
stamp act
Miller, John C. Origins of the American Revolution. (1943)description: The act required that many printed materials in the colonies be produced on stamped paper produced in London,These printed materials were legal documents, magazines, newspapers and many other types of paper.
people:ben franklin, g.washington, sameul adams
why:played a major role in defining the grievances and enabling the organized colonial resistance that led to the American Revolution -
boston massacre
Zobel, Hiller B (1970). The Boston Massacre. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-31483-0. OCLC 243696768description: was an incident on March 5, 1770, in which British Army soldiers killed five civilian men and injured six others.
people:henry know and private white, captain preston
why:The event is widely viewed as foreshadowing the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War five years later. -
repeal of stamp act
[Weslager, C. A. The Stamp Act Congress. (1976) ISBN 0-87413-111-1](provided a sort of rehearsal for similar acts of resistance to the 1767 Townshend Acts.)Miller, John C. Origins of the American Revolution. (1943)
description: This movement had spread through the colonies with a significant base coming from New York City where 200 merchants had met and agreed to import nothing from England until the Stamp Act was repealed
people: Lord Rockingham, william pitt
why:provided a sort of rehearsal for similar acts of resistance to the 1767 Townshend Acts. -
declatory act
Knollenberg, Bernhard. Growth of the American Revolution, 1766–1775. New York: Free Press, 1975. ISBN 0-02-917110-5.
description:was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain, which accompanied the repeal of the Stamp Act 1765.
people:George Grenville
why:The declaration stated that Parliament's authority was the same in America as in Britain and asserted Parliament's authority to pass laws that were binding on America -
Period: to
tea act
Unger, Harlow, John Hancock, Merchant King and American Patriot, 200, ISBN 0-7858-2026-4description: to reduce the massive surplus of tea held by the financially troubled British East India Company in its London warehouses and to help the struggling company survive. A related objective was to undercut the price of tea smuggled into Britain's North American colonies.
people:ben franklin, thomas gage
why: united many colonists even more in their frustrations against Britain, and were one of the many causes of the American Revolutionary War. -
boston tea party
Ketchum, Richard. Divided Loyalties: How the American Revolution came to New York. 2002. ISBN 0-8050-6120-7
description:was a political protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston, a city in the British colony of Massachusetts, against the tax policy of the British government and the East India
Company that controlled all the tea imported into the colonies.
people:ben franklin,Thomas Hutchinson
why: american revolutionary war bega -
Period: to
first contenital congress
Miller, John C. Origins of the American Revolution (1943) online edition
description;convention of delegates from twelve British North American colonies that met Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, early in the American Revolution. in response to the passage of the Intolerable Acts by the British Parliament.
people: 56 delegates 12 colonies
why:was a compact among the colonies to boycott British goods and provide for a Second -
Period: to
intorerable acts
Ammerman, David (1974). In the Common Cause: American Response to the Coercive Acts of 1774. New York: Norton.
description:series of laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 relating to Britain's colonies in North America. port act, mass. gov. act,admin. just. act,quartering act and quebec act.
why:were important developments in the growth of the American Revolution. -
battle of lexington and concord
Brooks, Victor (1999). The Boston Campaign. Combined Publishing. ISBN 978-0-585-23453-3.
description:outbreak of open armed conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and its thirteen colonies in the mainland of British North America of revolutionary war
people:James Barrett,John Buttrick
why:It was important to the early American government that an image of British fault and American innocence be maintained for this -
Period: to
second contenital congress
Burnett, Edward Cody (1941). The Continental Congress. New York: Norton.
description: managed the colonial war effort, and moved incrementally towards independence, By raising armies, directing strategy, appointing diplomats, and making formal treaties, the Congress acted as the de facto national government
people: delagates and new john hancockand ben
why:created declaration of ind. and made USA -
battle of bunker hill
French, Allen (1911). The Siege of Boston. New York: McMillan. OCLC 3927532.
description a victory for the British, they suffered heavy losses: over 800 wounded and 226 killed, including a notably large number of officers.
people:William Prescott
why:demonstrated that relatively inexperienced colonial forces were willing and able to stand up to regular army troops in a pitched battle. -
olive branch petition
^ Pauline Maier, American Scripture (New York: Knopf, 1997), 24–25, 249–50.[edit]
description: affirmed American loyalty to Great Britain and entreated the king to prevent further conflict.
people:thomas jefferson and john dickerson
why::King’s rejection gave Adams and others who favored revolution the opportunity they needed to push for independence. -
common sense pamphlet
Foot, Michael and Kramnick, Isaac, eds. (1987). The Thomas Paine Reader. Penguin Classics. ISBN 0-14-044496-3
desciption:presented the American colonists with an argument for freedom from British rule at a time when the question of seeking independence was still undecided. Paine wrote and reasoned in a style that common people understood.
people: thomas paine
why:made political ideas tangible for a common audience -
Period: to
virginia declaration or rights
^ "Top Treasures Exhibit Object Focus". Library of Congress. Retrieved 13 September 2011.
description:proclaim the inherent rights of men, including the right to rebel against "inadequate" government.
why:t influenced a number of later documents, including the United States Declaration of Independence (1776), the United States Bill of Rights (1789), and the French Revolution's Declaration of the Rights of Man and more -
declaration of independence
United States Department of State, "The Declaration of Independence, 1776, 1911.
description:announced that the American colonies regarded themselves as independent states, and no longer a part of the British Empire.
people:thomas jefferson, king george 3 john hancock
why:Having served its original purpose in announcing the independence of the United States -
battle of long island
McCullough, David (2006), 1776, New York: Simon and Schuster Paperback, p. 12, ISBN 0-7432-2672-0
description: first major battle in the American Revolutionary War following the United States Declaration of Independence, the largest battle of the entire conflict, and the first battle in which an army of the United States engaged, having declared itself a nation only the month before.
people:george washington
why:desived british -
Period: to
Albany congress
description: discuss better relations with the Indian tribes and common defensive measures against the French.
important people: Peter Wraxall, ben franklin, James DeLancey
why: unite the colonies -
Period: to
virginia staue for religious freedom
^ W.W. Hening, ed., Statutes at Large of Virginia, vol. 12 (1823): 84-86.
description: one of only three accomplishments Jefferson instructed be put in his epitaph.[2] It supported the Establishment Clause and Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment, and freedom of conscience.
people: thomas jefferson -
Period: to
valley forge
Bodle, Wayne (2002). The Valley Forge Winter. Penn State Press. ISBN 0-271-02526-3.
description:site of the military camp of the American Continental Army over the winter of 1777–1778 during the American Revolutionary War.
people:george washington
why:to pull his troops from their present encampment in the White Marsh area (now Fort Washington State Park) and move to a more secure location for the coming winter. -
Period: to
battles of saratoga
"Saratoga National Historical Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 2009-06-23.
description:First battle: Pyrrhic British victory
Second battle: Decisive American victory
British surrender October 17
people:benedict arnold, John Burgoyne's
why:conclusively decided the fate of British General John Burgoyne's army in the American War of Independence and are generally regarded as a turning point in the war. -
Period: to
ratifications of the aricles
Jensen, Merrill. The New Nation (1950) online
description: The process dragged on for several years, stalled by the refusal of some states to rescind their claims to land in the West
why:The Articles provided for a blanket acceptance of Province of Quebec (referred to as "Canada" in the Articles) into the United States if it chose to do so. It did not, and the subsequent Constitution carried no such special provision of admiss -
Period: to
battle of yorktown
Anderson, Dale (2004). The Battle of Yorktown. Gareth Stevens Publishing.
description:ecisive victory by a combined force of American Continental Army troops led by General George Washington and French Army troops led by the Comte de Rochambeau over a British Army commanded by Lieutenant General Lord Cornwallis.
people: george washington, corrnte de rochambeau, cornwallis
why:last major land battle of the American Revolutionary War -
Treaty of Paris
Dull, Jonathan R. (1987). A Diplomatic History of the American Revolution. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-03886-0. ch 17-20
description: ended the American Revolutionary War between Great Britain on one side and the United States of America and its allies on the other.
important people:John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and John Jay and David Hartley
why: ended war between britain and america and lead to us getting ind. -
land ordinance 1785
Peters, William E (1918). Ohio Lands and Their Subdivision. W.E. Peters.
description:to raise money through the sale of land in the largely unmapped territory west of the original states acquired at the 1783 (Treaty of Paris) after the end of the Revolutionary War.
why:it provided easily recognized land descriptions, which in turn contributed enormously to the orderly and largely peaceful occupation of the land. -
northwest oridance 1787
^ David Brion Davis and Steven Mintz, The Boisterous Sea of Liberty, 2000 p. 234
description:the creation of the Northwest Territory as the first organized territory of the United States out of the region south of the Great Lakes, north and west of the Ohio River, and east of the Mississippi River.
why:his division helped set the stage for over admitting free and slave states, the basis of a critical question in civil war -
george washingtion inuguration
^ Washington, George (1835). The Writings of George Washington : pt. III. American Stationers' Company. pp. 491–492.
description:Sworn in by Chancellor of New York Robert Livingston during this first presidential inauguration, Washington became the first President of the United States following the ratification of the Constitution.
why: first president of new free nation
