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Before Industrial Revolution
There wasn’t much management at all. Anyone other than the owner of a company or business wouldn’t have much power. -
Industrial Revolution
Brought growth to the factory system, enlarged markets and opened up lots of jobs. It brought large numbers of people together to work in one area. -
Scientific Management
Uses scientific methods to analyze the most efficient production process in order to increase productivity. -
Monopolies
A monopoly is characterized by the absence of competition, which can lead to high costs for consumers, inferior products and services, and corrupt business practices -
Centralization and Decentralization
centralization is keeping the power in a company among a few decision-makers which would often fail. Eventually, they started to decentralize the power in a company which would allow managers to make decisions. Wich proved to be more effective. -
Hierarchy of Needs
Breaks down human needs into different sections, physical, security, social, status, and self-fulfillment needs. The hierarchy states that one may need to fulfill the lower needs to reach and fulfill the higher needs. -
Deming's 14 points
In Deming's 14 points he states his philosophy for achieving high quality. -
Total Quality Management (TQM)
A system of management based on involving all employees in a constant process of improving quality and productivity by improving and improvising on how they work. -
Theory X and Y
Theory X encourages the use of tight control and supervision. It implies that employees are reluctant to organize changes. ... Theory Y implies that the managers should create and encourage a work environment that provides opportunities to employees to take initiative and self-direction. -
Theory Z
The benefits of Theory Z, Ouchi claimed, would be reduced employee turnover, increased commitment, improved morale and job satisfaction, and drastic increases in productivity.