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This was one of the first battles of the Civil War. It was important because it showed the Union that the Confederacy was willing to put up a fight.
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It was a important Union battle because they won the battle. Sadly it was the most bloody single day conflict.
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This was a decisive Union victory because it helped to further split the South apart from one another which made them weaker.
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This was a key battle for the Union because it would be the last time the South would ever try to invade the North again.