Literacy Theories

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    Developing process writing

    Emig, Graves, Sommers, & Calkins
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    Metacognition

    Awareness, monitoring, control, & evaluation
  • Rumelhart

    Schema theory
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    Writers Workshop

  • Strategy Instruction

    Reciprocal Teaching was a game changer.
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    Repositioning Text

    Atwell, Book Clubs, & Literature Circles;
    Adopting Graves (1983) approach and integrating reading and writing together
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    Transactional Reader Response

    Resurgence in Vygotsky, Bakhtin, Rosenblatt, & Dewey
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    Sociocultural Perspectives

  • Early 1990s change to literacy

    Included writing, listening, speaking, and socicultural contexts
  • Funds of Knowledge

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    Whole Language

    Small group discusisongs; litte explicit strategy instruction
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    Mulitcultural Education

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    Technology