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Its a Greek inscription on a marble column that includes text and musical notation , and is currently on display at the National Museum of Denmark -
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Plainchant, monodic and a cappella, used in the liturgy of the Catholic Church since the Middle Ages, which stands out for its music subordinated to the Latin text and its spiritual character, seeking to create a connection with the divine and inner peace -
Guido d'Arezzo, considered the father of music, was the one who gave the name to the musical notes, inspired by the initial syllables of some verses dedicated to Saint John the Baptist -
Hildegard was a Benedictine abbess, writer, poet, and composer who lived in 12th-century Germany. She had numerous prophetic and mystical visions during her life and is said to have been a miracle worker. -
Bernart de Ventadorn, also known as Bernart de Ventadour, was a popular troubadour, composer, and Provençal poet. He is probably the most well-known troubadour of the style called -
Leonin or Magister Leoninus is, along with Perotin, the first known composer of polyphonic organum, associated with the School of Notre Dame. -
Perotin, called in French Pérotin le Grand ("the Great") or in Latin Magister Perotinus Magnus was a medieval French composer -
Ars antiqua, also called Ars veterum or Ars vetus, refers to the music of Europe from the late Middle Ages, approximately between 1170 and 1310, covering the period of the Notre Dame School of polyphony and the following years. It encompasses the 12th and 13th centuries. It is followed by other periods in the history of medieval music called ars nova and ars subtilior. -
Was the son of Ferdinand III the Saint and Beatrice of Swabia. He ascended the throne after his father's death in 1252 and ruled until his own death in 1284. His reign was characterized by a strong interest in culture and knowledge, which earned him the nickname 'the Wise'. -
He was a French medieval cleric, poet, and composer. His influence was enormous, and he is historically the foremost representative of the movement known as Ars nova, being considered the most famous composer of the 14th century. He contributed to the development of the motet and the secular song. He composed the Messe de Nostre Dame in four parts, which is the first known polyphonic mass written by a single composer. -
It refers primarily to a period of medieval music (14th century) characterized by greater rhythmic and notational freedom, as well as the development of polyphony, or it may refer to other uses of the phrase in music, wine, art, and organizations. -
Francesco Landini was an Italian composer, organist, singer, poet, instrument maker, and astrologer. He was one of the most famous and admired composers of the second half of the 14th century and undoubtedly the most famous composer in Italy. -
Fue un orfebre alemán, inventor de la prensa de imprenta moderna con tipos móviles, hacia 1450.
Su trabajo más reconocido es la Biblia de 42 líneas -
He was a poet, musician, and playwright of the Spanish Renaissance during the time of the Catholic Monarchs. Alongside Juan de Anchieta, Juan de Urreda, Joan Cornago, and Francisco de Peñalosa, he was one of the greatest exponents of religious and secular polyphony in Spain at the end of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century, during the reign of the Catholic Monarchs. He achieved great lyrical heights in his glosses and villancicos, whose invention is attributed to him. -
Martin Luther was a German theologian and Augustinian monk whose teachings laid the foundations of the religious doctrine called Lutheranism, which took shape in the first half of the 16th century. -
Morales was the first Spanish composer of international fame. His works were widely distributed throughout Europe, and many copies made the journey to the New World. -
He became blind as a child, an adverse circumstance that did not prevent him from pursuing a brilliant musical career. He lived in Burgos. In Palencia, he probably received instruction from García de Baeza, the cathedral organist. -
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina was an Italian Renaissance composer of sacred music and the best-known representative of the Roman School of musical composition of the 16th century. He had a lasting influence on the development of both ecclesiastical and secular music in Europe. -
He was a Franco-Flemish composer of the late Renaissance. Along with Palestrina and Victoria, he is considered one of the most influential composers of the 16th century. -
He was an Italian composer and organist of the late Renaissance. Uncle of perhaps the more famous composer Giovanni Gabrieli, he was the first internationally renowned member of the Venetian School of composers. He had a great influence on the spread of the Venetian style in both Italy and Germany. -
She was an Italian composer, guitar performer, and singer of the late Renaissance. She was the first female composer to have an entire volume exclusively of her music printed and published in the history of Western music. -
He was a Catholic priest, chapel master, and celebrated polyphonic composer of the Spanish Renaissance. He has been considered one of the most prominent and advanced composers of his era, with an innovative style that heralded the imminent Baroque. His influence extends into the 20th century, -
He was an Italian composer and organist, born and died in Venice. One of the most influential musicians of his time, he represents the culmination of the Venetian school, framing the transition from Renaissance music to Baroque music. -
He was an Italian composer, one of the most significant figures in late Renaissance music, with intensely expressive madrigals and sacred music pieces with chromaticism that would not be heard again until the late 19th century. -
He was an Italian composer, viol player, singer, choir director, and priest. He composed both secular and sacred music and marked the transition between the polyphonic and madrigal tradition of the 16th century and the birth of lyrical drama and opera in the 17th century. -
He was one of the most eminent Italian composers of the early Baroque and one of the leading representatives of the Roman School.He was born in Marino, near Rome, in 1604 or 1605. It is not known for certain what his early years were like or what studies he pursued, but at the age of 20 he held the position of chapel master in Assisi, a post he held for several years. In 1628, he held the same position at the church of San Apollinare, which belonged to the Germanicum college in Rome -
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She was an Italian Baroque singer and composer. During her lifetime, she published eight volumes of her own music and had more printed secular music than any other composer of the time. This was achieved without any support from the Catholic Church and without the constant patronage of the nobility. -
Antonio Stradivari was a prominent Italian luthier from Cremona, known for being the creator of the famous Stradivarius violins. He worked as an apprentice in Nicolò Amati's workshop and, from 1680 onwards, founded his own workshop, where he developed innovations in the construction of string instruments, such as the design of narrower and elongated violins, which contributed to their unique sound. -
He was an English composer of the Baroque period. Considered one of the greatest English composers of all time, he incorporated French and Italian stylistic elements into his music, creating a unique English Baroque music style. -
He was a composer, violinist, businessman, teacher, and Venetian Catholic priest of the Baroque era. He was nicknamed Il prete rosso ('The Red Priest') for being a priest and red-haired. He is considered one of the greatest Baroque composers, his influence during his lifetime spread throughout Europe, and he was fundamental in the development of Johann Sebastian Bach's instrumental music. His mastery is reflected in having established the concerto, the most important genre of his time. -
He was a German Baroque composer, although his work also had characteristics of early Classicism. He is considered the most prolific composer in the history of music.A self-taught musician, he studied Law at the University of Leipzig. He was a contemporary of Johann Sebastian Bach and Georg Friedrich Händel. -
He was a German composer, later naturalized British, considered one of the leading figures in the history of music, especially Baroque, and one of the most influential composers of Western and universal music. In the history of music, he is the first modern composer to have adapted and focused his music to satisfy the tastes and needs of the public, rather than those of the nobility and patrons, as was customary. -
He was a composer, musician, conductor, chapel master, singer, and German teacher of the Baroque period. He was the most important member of one of the most prominent musical families in history, with more than 35 famous composers. -
German composer and theorist. Gluck's prominent place in the history of music lies mainly in the reform he carried out of the operatic genre, a precursor to the one Richard Wagner would advocate a century later. -
Joseph Haydn was an Austrian composer. He is one of the leading figures of the Classical period and is also known as the 'father of the symphony' and the 'father of the string quartet' due to his significant contributions to both genres. He also contributed to the instrumental development of the piano trio and the evolution of the sonata form. ... -
She was a famous musician from the 18th century. She was the older sister of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and the daughter of Leopold and Anna Maria Mozart. -
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was a composer, pianist, conductor, and teacher of Austrian origin, from the former Archbishopric of Salzburg. A master of classicism, he is considered one of the most influential and outstanding musicians in history. -
She was an Austrian pianist and composer. Although she completely lost her sight at the age of three, this did not prevent the production and work of this great pianist, singer, and composer from standing out. Her contributions were fundamental to music education of her time, especially for the blind. -
He was an Italian composer who gained fame for his 39 operas, although he also wrote many songs, some chamber and piano pieces, and some sacred music. He set new standards for both comic and serious opera before retiring from large-scale composition while still in his thirties, at the height of his popularity. -
He was an Austrian composer from the early Romantic period in music and, at the same time, a continuator of the classical sonata following the model of Ludwig van Beethoven. Despite his short life, he left a great legacy, which includes more than six hundred secular vocal works, seven complete symphonies, sacred music, operas, incidental music, and a large number of works for piano and chamber music. -
He was a French composer and a prominent figure of Romanticism. His best-known work is the Fantastic Symphony, premiered in 1830. -
was a German composer, conductor, and pianist of Romantic music, a member of the same family as the pianist and composer Fanny Mendelssohn (his sister) and the philosopher Moses Mendelssohn (his grandfather). Educated in the Jewish faith, he later converted to Lutheranism and adopted the surname Mendelssohn-Bartholdy. In his childhood, he was considered a musical prodigy, but his parents did not try to capitalize on his abilities. -
He was a Franco-Polish composer, virtuoso pianist, and teacher, considered one of the most important in history and one of the greatest representatives of musical Romanticism, who wrote mainly for solo piano. He has maintained worldwide renown as one of the leading musicians of his time, whose "poetic genius was based on a professional technique unparalleled in his generation. -
He was a 19th-century German composer, pianist, and music critic, considered one of the most important and representative composers of musical Romanticism. -
He was a Romantic Austro-Hungarian composer, a virtuoso pianist, conductor, piano teacher, arranger, and Franciscan layman. -
He was an Italian Romantic opera composer, one of the most important of all time. His work serves as a bridge between the bel canto of Rossini, Bellini, and Donizetti, and the verismo movement and Puccini. -
She was a German pianist, composer, and piano teacher. She was one of the great European concert pianists of the 19th century, and her career was key in promoting the compositions of her husband, Robert Schumann. She is considered one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era, -
He was a composer born in Bohemia, which is today part of the Czech Republic, although during the musician's lifetime it was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He was a pioneer in developing a musical style that became closely linked to Czech nationalism. For this reason, he is recognized in his native country as the father of Czech music. -
German composer, conductor, pianist, and piano teacher. His musical legacy spans, chronologically, from Classicism to the early Romantic period. He is considered one of the most important composers in the history of music, and his legacy has decisively influenced the subsequent evolution of this art. -
He was a German composer, pianist, and conductor of the Romantic period, considered the most classical of the composers of that era. Born into a Lutheran family, he spent much of his professional life in Vienna. -
He was a Russian composer and a member of the group known as "The Five." Among his works are the opera Boris Godunov (1872), the symphonic poem A Night on Bald Mountain (1867), and the piano suite Pictures at an Exhibition (1874). -
He was a Russian composer of the Romantic period. He is the author of some of the most famous classical music works in today's repertoire, such as the ballets Swan Lake, The Sleeping Beauty, and The Nutcracker. -
He was a post-Romantic composer from Bohemia, one of the first Czech composers to achieve worldwide recognition and one of the great composers of the second half of the 19th century. He frequently employed rhythms and other aspects of the folk music of Moravia and his native Bohemia, following the example of his predecessor, the Romantic-era nationalist Smetana. -
He was a Norwegian composer and pianist, considered one of the leading representatives of late Romanticism. He adapted many themes and songs from his country's folklore, thereby helping to create a Norwegian national identity, just as Jean Sibelius did in Finland or Antonín Dvořák in Bohemia. -
He was a Russian composer, conductor, and educator, member of the group of composers known as The Five. Considered a master of orchestration, his best-known orchestral works -
He was an Italian opera composer, considered one of the greatest of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
He was a visionary, the creator of musical concepts that would dominate cinema throughout the 20th century. -
He was an Austrian composer of Slovenian origin, who lived during the final years of the 19th century in Vienna. An enthusiastic follower of Richard Wagner, he got involved in the disputes that existed in Vienna at that time between Wagnerians and formalists or Brahmsians. He was a very enthusiastic person, but also very unbalanced. -
He was an Austro-Bohemian composer and conductor whose works are considered, along with those of Richard Strauss, the most important of the post-Romantic period. In the first decade of the 20th century, Gustav Mahler was one of the most important orchestra and opera conductors of his time. -
He was a French composer, one of the most influential of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Some authors consider him the first impressionist composer, although he categorically rejected the term. -
He was a Finnish composer and violinist of the late Romantic and early Modern periods. He is widely recognized as the greatest composer of his country, and through his music, he is often credited with helping Finland develop a national identity during its struggle for independence from Russia. -
He was an Austrian composer, music theorist, and painter of Jewish origin.
He is recognized as one of the first composers to delve into atonal composition, and especially for the creation of the twelve-tone technique based on twelve-note series, opening the door to the subsequent development of serialism in the second half of the 20th century. -
He was a French composer of the 20th century. His work, often associated with Impressionism, along with that of his contemporary Claude Debussy, also displays a bold neoclassical style and, at times, traits of Expressionism, and is the result of a complex heritage and musical discoveries that revolutionized music for piano and orchestra. -
He was a Spanish composer of musical nationalism, one of the most important of the first half of the 20th century, alongside Isaac Albéniz, Enrique Granados, Joaquín Turina, and Joaquín Rodrigo, and one of the most important Spanish composers of all time. -
He was a Hungarian musician who stood out as a composer, pianist, and researcher of Eastern European folk music. He is considered one of the greatest composers of the 20th century. He was one of the founders of ethnomusicology, based on the relationships that connect ethnology and musicology. -
He was a Russian composer and conductor and one of the most important and influential musicians of the 20th century. -
Spanish composer. He carried out his first musical studies in his hometown and later in Madrid. From 1905 to 1914 he lived in Paris, and he was a student of Moszkowski and Vincent d'Indy at the Schola Cantorum. His works, characterized by great technical mastery and nationalist leaning, are often inspired by Andalusian folk music. -
He was a prominent Hungarian musician whose musical style initially went through a post-Romantic Viennese phase and later evolved into his main characteristic: the blend of folk elements and complex 20th-century harmonies, shared with Béla Bartók. -
He was a German composer, conductor, poet, essayist, playwright, and music theorist of the Romantic period. He is mainly known for his operas in which, unlike other composers, he also took on the libretto and the staging. -
He was a Brazilian conductor and composer. His music was influenced by both Brazilian folk music and European classical music. He received some musical instruction from his father. -
was an American musician, composer, and pianist. His music is characterized by blending classical music and jazz. Among his best-known works are the orchestral compositions Rhapsody in Blue (1924) and An American in Paris (1928), the songs Swanee (1919) and Fascinating Rhythm (1924), the jazz standards Embraceable You (1928) and I Got Rhythm (1930), and the opera Porgy and Bess (1935), which included the song Summertime. -
He was a French composer. He is considered the creator of musique concrète. He is the author of the book titled Treatise on Musical Objects, in which he presents his entire theory on this type of music. He composed various works, all of them based on the techniques of musique concrète and the orhana. Among them, his Study for Locomotives stands out. -
He was a French composer, organist, teacher, and ornithologist, one of the most prominent musicians of the entire century. Both his fascination with Hinduism and his admiration for nature and birds, his deep Christian faith, and his love for instrumental color were fundamental to his development as a person and artist. -
He was an American composer, music theorist, artist, and philosopher. A pioneer of aleatory music, electronic music, and the non-standard use of musical instruments, Cage was one of the leading figures of the postwar avant-garde. He is recognized as one of the most influential American composers of the 20th century. -
He fue un músico francés, considerado como el creador, junto con Pierre Schaeffer, de la llamada música concreta y uno de los padrinos de la música electroacústica. -
He is an American minimalist classical music composer. He studied at the Juilliard School in New York. His international recognition grew with the premiere of his opera Einstein on the Beach.