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Odoacer deposes Emperor Romulus Augustulus - seen by many as the end of the western Roman Empire
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Grenchen Castle - also called Bettleschloss, in northern Switzerland - Stephen Wroble
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Château de Falaise - the birthplace of William the Conqueror in Normandy, later greatly expanded to the castle seen today, changed hands several times during the Hundred Years War - Stephen Wroble
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Portchester Castle - Built on the site of a Roman fort guarding a port in southern England, launch point for several campaigns against France - Fareham museum
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Arundel Castle - Founded by Roger de Montgomery in the south of England as a guard against invasion from France - LEGO Castle Adventure
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Chepstow Castle - built within a few months of the Battle of Hastings guarding a key crossing of the River Wye leading into Wales, a base for William fitz Osbern in his conquest of the Welsh kingdom of Gwent - Robert Carney
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Wartburg - castle above Eisenach, Germany - notable as the hiding place of Martin Luther after his excommunication - Jojo, Robert Carney
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Castello di Adranò - built by the Norman Count Ruggiero in eastern Sicily - Robert Carney
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Canterbury Cathedral - Founded in 597, but completely rebuilt in 1070 after a fire, seat of the Archbishop of Canterbury, site of the murder of Thomas Becket, destination of pilgrims (as depicted in Canterbury Tales) - John Stott (shown0, Marijke2, Jojo
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Tower of London - Eestablished in 1066, White Tower built in 1078, expanded in the 12th and 13th centuries - served as royal residence, treasury for the crown jewels and prison - Arthur Gugick (shown), Arthur Gugick 2, Arthur Gugick 3
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Ludlow Castle - overlooking the River Teme, an important point for control of the Welsh border, for a time the seat of English government in Wales, site where Milton wrote and first presented Comus - Robert Carney
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Warwick Castle - in Warwickshire England on the Avon - Robert Carney
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Canterbury Castle Built in southeast England around 1100 to replace a wooden motte and bailey castle constructed in 1066 to protect the route to England. Robert Carney
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Goodrich Castle - Built in western England guarding the crossing of the River Wye into Wales, played a part in the English Civil War and was partially destroyed in a siege in 1646, later falling into ruin - Robert Carney
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Donjon de Houdan - built west of Paris, a transition from the square keeps of the 11th to 12th centuries to the rounded keeps of the 13th century - Robert Carney
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Rochester Castle - located in Kent in southeast England, important in defense from France, beseiged during both the First and Second Barons' Wars and also during the Peasants' Revolt - Ryan Clark (shown), Stephen Wroble, Robert Carney
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Rochester Castle - located in Kent in southeast England, important in defense from France, beseiged during both the First and Second Barons' Wars and also during the Peasants' Revolt - Fraslund
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Château d'Étampes - south of Paris, site of many battles during the Hundred Years and Religious Wars, until the townspeople requested the right to partially destroy it to prevent further battles at the site - Robert Carney
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Trachselwald Castle - near Bern, Switzerland, originally a fortress, then a manor house, and a prison during the Swiss Peasant War of 1653 - Stephen Wroble
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Burg Stahleck - built by the Archbishops of Cologne in western Germany, important in controlling traffic on the Rhine - Robert Carney
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Castle Rising - built in Norfolk County by William d'Aubigny, served as residence in exile to Queen Isabella of France - Joe Vigliotti (shown), Corey Gehman, Robert Carney
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Burg Prunn - perched atop a cliff in Bavaria, Germany - Robert Carney
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Hedingham Keep - besieged twice in 1216 and 1217 during the baronial revolt against King John that led to the signing of the Magna Carta - Robert Carney
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Tour César - east of Paris, legend holds that the original fortifications on the site were built by Julius Caesar - Robert Carney
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Castell Coch - built in Wales to protect Anglo-Norman power, destroyed in the 14th century by Welsh rebels, rebuilt in the 19th century - Gilles Gaer (shown), Robert Carney
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Château de Chillon - built on a small island at the edge of Lake Geneva, Switzerland, controlling a key passage through the Alps from Italy - Robert Carney
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Castelo de Almourol - situated on an island controlling a strategic crossing of a Portuguese river, inhabited by the Knights Templar who were entrusted with its safekeeping by the Portuguese king - Robert Carney
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Notre Dame de Paris Foundation laid sometime in March or April of 1163, completed in 1345 kv_draugaer (shown), Ingo Bramigk, Arthur Gugick
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Dinefwr Castle - one of three ancient Welsh royal seats, confiscated by Edward I in 1277 - Robert Carney
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The famous floating gate to the Japanese Itsukushima Shrine was first built in 1168, though the current incarnation dates back to 1875. - Matija Grgruic (shown), Jojo
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Dover Castle, the largest castle in England, has been called the 'key to England' due to it's position overlooking the English Channel. This site was fortified as early as 43, but the current castle took shape during the reign of Henry II. Stephen Wroble (shown), Robert Carney
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Appleby Castle in Cumbria in northwest England - The main keep is known as Caesar's tower. In it's only real action, soon after construction, the Scottish king William the Lion invaded northern England and the castle was surrendered without a fight in 1174, though it was later returned to English hands. Robert Carney
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Pont Saint-Bénezet, also known as the Pont d'Avignon (and famous by that name in song), built between 1171 and 1185 across the Rhône between Avignon and Villeneuve-lès-Avignon, in 1668 much of the bridge was destroyed by floods and today only 4 of the original 22 arches remain - Eljanos
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Newcastle upon Tyne - built on a strategic site guarding a crossing of the river Tyne, important in the denfense of England against raids from Scotland - Giles Gaer (shown), Joe Vigliotti, Robert Carney
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Trim Castle - largest Norman castle in Ireland, guarding the northwest approach to Dublin and a ford of the Boyne - Robert Carney
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Donjon of Chambois - built by English forces in Normandy during the rule of Henry II - Stephen Wroble
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Château-Dauphin - built guarding the principle route into southern France - Stephen Wroble
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Château de Montbrun - built by Aimery Bruni in western France upon return from the Second Crusade, occupied by the English and then retaken by the French during the Hundred Years War, attacked and partly burned during the Religious Wars - Robert Carney
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Middleham Castle - in North Yorkshire in northern England, at one point the prison of Edward IV and also the home of Richard III before he ascended to the throne - Robert Carney
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Schloß Maretsch / Castel Mareccio - built in what was then the kingdom of Germany in the Holy Roman Empire, now northern Italy, primarily a residence rather than a defensive structure - Robert Carney
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Castillo de La Mota - first fortifications were built on this site starting in 1080 to protect the area against the Moors, later the area was contended by the kingdoms of Aragon and Castile, passing back and forth from one to the other - Robert Carney
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Stegeborg Castle - built on an islet in a narrow sound of a bay in southeast Sweden - Robert Carney
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Valle Crucis Abbey - Cistercian monastery in northeast Wales, dissolved in 1537 by Henry VIII - Stephen Wroble
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Grosmont Castle - one of three castles that guarded the Golden Valley of the Welsh Marches, controlling the border region with England - Stephen Wroble (shown), Robert Carney
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Będzin Castle - built on the southwest border of the kingdom of Poland to protect against forces from Bohemia and Silesia - Robert Carney
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Ashford Castle - built by the Anglo-Norman House of Burke in western Ireland to cement their control over the O'Connor clan - Joe Vigliotti
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Criccieth Castle - English castle in northwest Wales, survived a siege during the Welsh uprising of Madoc ap Llywelyn in 1294, taken and destroyed during the uprising of Owain Glyndŵr in 1404 - Blackadder
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Castel del Monte - built by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II in southern Italy - Diabel (shown), Robert Carney, TheBohrok
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Tour de Constance - commissioned by Louis IX to guard the French port of Aigues-Mortes on the Mediterranean - Robert Carney
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Clifford's Tower - A wooden motte and bailey was built on this site in 1068 after the Norman conquest of York and was a site of defense against Viking forces, including rebuilding and expansion. Henry III replaced this with a stone castle in the 13th century, and it was an important military base during the Scottish Wars. Robert Carney
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Andlau and Spesbourg - both built around 1246, Andlau was home to the Counts of Andlau until the French Revolution, Spesbourg was burned by villagers after the lord seduced a local girl, fell into disrepair post-Hundred Years War - Fanabriques attendees (shown), Dan_Sto
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Skipness Castle - built in western Scotland to defend against Viking incursions - Stephen Wroble (shown), Robert Carney
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Cologne Cathedral - Foundation laid in 1248, completed in 1880 - largest Gothic cathedral in northern Europe Jurgen Bramigk
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Laurence's Gate - gate in the walls of Drogheda, Ireland, near the Irish Sea - Robert Carney
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Château de Najac - atop a hill overlooking the town of Najac in southern France, taken by the English in the Hundred Years War and the Hugenots in the Religious Wars, designed to be defended by as few as 30 men - Robert Carney
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[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aughnanure_Castle">Aughnanure Castle](Aughnanure Castle) - Stronghold of the O'Flaherty
clan in western Ireland, used in the blockade of Galway during Cromwell's invasion - Mark E -
Dubovac Castle - built by Bela IV, King of Hungary, in what is now Croatia as a guard against the Tartars, later served as a guard against the Turks - Robert Carney
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Caerphilly Castle - built by Norman nobleman Gilbert 'the Red' de Clare in his wars with the Prince of Gwynedd, Llywelyn the Last, the largest castle in Wales and the second largest in Britain - Legoland Windsor (shown), Robert Carney
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Hever Castle - in Kent, most famous as the childhood home of Anne Boleyn and the site of her courtship by Henry VIII, staying at nearby Bolebroke Castle - Robert Carney
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Monnow Bridge - fortified bridge over the Monnow River in eastern Wales - Joe Vigliotti (shown), Robert Carney
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Diósgyõr Castle - first built after Hungarian King Bela IV started a program of castle building to protect against further Mongol invasions, later expanded, fell to Turkish invaders in 1596 - Robert Carney
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Burg Sooneck - besieged and destroyed by King Rudolph I in 1282, later rebuilt, destroyed again in 1689 by king Louis XIV's troops during the War of the palatine Succession - Stephen Wroble
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Drum Castle - in western Scotland, one of the three oldest tower houses in Scotland, during the Covenanting Rebellion it was attacked and sacked three times - Robert Carney
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Schloss Pratteln - fortified residence of the von Eptingen family in northern Switzerland - Stephen Wroble
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Kidwelly Castle - originally a timber castle built by the Normans in southern Wales in 1106, later converted to a stone castle by Payn de Chaworth - Robert Carney
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Rhuddlan Castle - built at a strategic location in northern Wales, once completed it withstood capture for four centuries - Robert Carney
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Caerlaverock Castle - rare triangular castle in southern Scotland, besieged in 1300 by Edward I and defended for a considerable time by only 60 men - Greybrick (shown), Robert Carney
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Weobley Castle - fortified manor house on the Gower Peninsula, Wales, damaged by the forces of Owain Glyndŵr in 1403 - Stephen Wroble (shown), Robert Carney
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Muiderslot - built to control Ijsselmeer Harbor in the netherlands, razed, but rebuilt in 1370 with the same design - Stephen Wroble (shown), Robert Carney
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Allington Castle In 1281 Edward I issued a license to Stephen de Pencester to fortify his family manor in southeast England. de Pencester was Lord Warden of the Confederation of Cinque Ports, five port cities along the English Channel - Bob Carney (shown), Admiral Rogers
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Carreg Cennen Castle - built by the English on the site of a prior castle in southern Wales, withstood Welsh Armies during the rebellion of Owain Glyndwr, fell to the forces of York during the War of the Roses - Robert Carney
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Conwy Castle - built for Edward I guarding the entrance to the River Conwy in Gwynedd, Wales, Edward I survived a siege there by Madog ap Llywelyn six years later - Robert Carney
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Harlech Castle - built by Edward I along the Welsh coast during his invasion of Wales, later withstood the rebellion of Madog ap Llywelyn but fell to Owayn Glyndwr, during the English Civil War it was the last castle to fall to parliamentary forces - Stephen Wroble (shown), Robert Carney
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Stokesay Castle - built in western England near the Welsh border - Ben Ellerman (shown), Robert Carney
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Castello di Rocca Scaligera - built near Verona, Italy, during the conflict between the Ghibellines and the Guelphs, includes the largest fortified castle harbor in the world - Robert Carney
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Beaumaris Castle - built on the island of Anglesey in Wales, intended to be a center of English force against Welsh resistance - Steve Gerling (shown), Robert Carney, Anthony Sava's Ulmaris is based on it
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Marco Polo's house - in 1299, after his release from captivity, Marco Polo moved into this house in Venice owned by his uncle and father - Anthony Y (shown), Thomasio
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Burg Hauneck - Built in the 14th century by the Knights of Haune, partially destroyed in 1397 by the forces of Hermann II von Hessen, later became a seat for Hessian nobles, partially destroyed and rebuilt a few times until abandoned after 1572 - Bill Anjo
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Château de Roquetaillade - in eastern France, the first fortress at this site was built by Charlemagne, slowly replaced by stone fortifications now in ruins, a newer castle was built by Cardinal de la Motte with permission from King Edward I of England - Robert Carney
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Château de Crupet - medieval moated donjon or fortified farmhouse (ferme-château) in the village of Crupet, Belgium - Stephen Wroble (shown), Robert Carney
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Vajdahunyad Castle - castle in Romania that stood against Turkish invasion, an ally of the forces of Vlad Dracul - Robert Carney
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Château de Vincennes - on the east side of Paris, built to protect them from the English during the Hundred Years war, captured by the English, site of Henry V's death, later retaken by the French inspired by Joan d'Arc - Robert Carney
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Arensberg Castle - built on the site of a previous fortress on an Estonian Island at the end of the Gulf of Riga, later renamed Kuressaare, built by the Teutonic Knights - Robert Carney
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Château de Sarzay - south of Paris, built as a defense against the English during the Hundred Years War - Robert Carney
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Chipchase Castle - a pele tower built in northern England north of Hadrian's Wall, in the 17th century a Jacobean mansion was built alongside - Robert Carney
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Hermitage Castle - built to guard a key area of the Scottish border against the English, site of several military actions - Joe Vigliotti (shown), Robert Carney, Blackadder
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Threave Castle - home of 'Black' Douglas Earls of Douglas in western Scotland from the late 14th century until their fall in 1455 - Robert Carney
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Bastille - originally built to defend the eastern approach to Paris during the Hundred Years War, later a royal prison, demolished during the French Revolution - Robert Carney (shown), LegoDuke, Ian Spacek
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Nidzica Castle - built by the Teutonic Knights, guarding a road from East Prussia to Lithuania (now in modern Poland), built of brick due to the lack of stone in the area - Stephen Wroble
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Nunney Castle - in Somerset in southwest England, partially destroyed by Parliamentarian forces in 1642 in the English Civil War - Stephen Wroble (shown), Robert Carney
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Craigmillar Castle - in Edinburgh, Scotland, site of the conspiracy to murder Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, unpopular husband of Mary Queen of Scots - Robert Carney (shown), R D L
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Bran Castle - sometime home of Vlad Dracul, infamous for his cruelty to Turkish invaders, inspiration for the story of Dracula - Ryxe (shown), Robert Carney
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Bolton Castle in northeast England, built by Richard le Scrope, Chancellor of England, and remained in the Scrope family ever since, served as a prison for Mary Queen of Scots, besieged and partially damaged by Parliamentarian forces during the English Civil War - Corey Gehman (shown), Robert Carney
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Bodiam Castle - Built as part of a series of defenses in southern England during the 100 Years War, partially dismantled (slighted) after the English Civil War along with other castles - Robert Carney (shown), CheshireCat150
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Warkworth Castle - in northeast England - Robert Carney
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Crichton Castle - in northern Scotland, besieged and captured during the Scottish reformation in 1559 in the struggle between Protestants and Catholics - Robert Carney
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Doune Castle - on a site in central Scotland first fortified by the Romans in the first century, this became a retreat and hunting lodge for Scottish monarchs - Blackadder (shown), Robert Carney, Stephen Wroble
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Castello di San Giorgio - built at the convergence of two of the four lakes that provide part of the protection for the city of Mantua, Italy, played a role in the conflicts between the Guelphs and Ghibellines - Robert Carney
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Orlik Castle - in central Czech Republic - Legacek
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Château de Tarascon - in the south of France near Arles - Robert Carney
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Bunratty Castle - in western Ireland, the first occupation of the site was a 970 Viking settlement, followed by a motte and bailey in 1270, a few structures were built and destroyed here as the area went back and fort between the English and Irish - Corey Gehman (shown), Robert Carney
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Borthwick Castle - near Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1567 Mary Queen of Scots was beseiged here and escaped dressed as a page boy, in 1650 surrendered after attack by Cromwell's forces - Robert Carney
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Comlongon Castle - built in southern Scotland to defend against English incursions - Robert Carney
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Tattershall Castle - The Lincolnshire, England home of Ralph Lord Cromwell, Lord High Treasurer of the Realm - Robert Carney
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Castle Levan - tower house near the banks of the Clyde River in western Scotland - Robert Carney
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Château d'Anjony - built in central southern France by Bernard d'Anjony, companion of Joan d'Arc, site of conflict between the Counts of Anjony, loyal to the French crown, and local counts who favored the English king - Robert Carney
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Elphinstone Tower - tower house in southeast Scotland, village named for a legendary witch who is said to have trapped an elf in a stone - Robert Carney
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Castle Stalker - built on an island in Loch Linnhe in western Scotland, featured in Monty Python and the Holy Grail - Robert Carney
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Blarney Castle - Built on the site of two earlier fortresses in southern Ireland, Blarney Castle, home of the famous Blarney Stone - LEGO Castle Adventure
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Castle Campbell - seat of the Duke of Argyll in central Scotland, burned by the Scots in 1654 due to it's lord's support of Cromwell - Robert Carney (shown), Damon Campbell
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Dunsoghly Castle - built on the north edge of Dublin by Sir Rowland Plunkett, Chief Justice of the King's Bench, or his son Sir Thomas Plunkett, Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas - Robert Carney
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Fuensaldaña Castle - built in the reign of King John II of Castile in north central Spain - Robert Carney
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Burnchurch Castle - Norman tower house in southern Ireland - Robert Carney
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Donegal Castle - seen as the greatest Irish castle, abandoned by it's owners in the 1607 Flight of the Earls after the Nine Years War and taken over by the English - Robert Carney
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Clara Castle - tower house in southern Ireland - Robert Carney
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Ballytarsna Castle - a tower house built by Sir William Hackett in southern Ireland - Joe Vigliotti (shown), Robert Carney
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Aughnanure Castle - in county Galway in eastern Ireland, used to blockade Galway during the Cromwellian invasion - Stephen Wroble
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Balvaird Castle - late medieval tower house in central Scotland - Robert Carney
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Smailholm Tower - a peel tower built in the Scottish borderlands to protect the Pringle family against English raids - Blackadder
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Torre de Belém - built at the mouth of the Tagus river, protecting the approach to Lisbon by sea, important as Portugal became a maritime power in the Age of Discovery - Arte em Peças attendees
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Château de Chenonceau - Chateau in central France extending across the Cher River - Yosemas (shown), Steve Finch, Philo
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Červená Lhota Castle - in south-central Czech Republic - Legacek
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Hunting Lodge - Originally built so guests of Henry VIII could watch the Royal Hunt. - James Pegrum
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Corgarff Castle - in northern Scotland, site of conflict between the Forbes and Gordon clans, supporters of James VI and Mary Queen of Scots, respectivly - Blackadder
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Carnasserie Castle - in western Scotland, built by John Carswell, Rector of Kilmartin - Robert Carney
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Claypotts Tower - Z-plan castle in northern Scotland - Robert Carney
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Elcho Castle - tower house on a site that once featured a larger castle that sheltered William Wallace - Robert Carney
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Midmar Castle - built on a western Scotland site of a previous tower destroyed by a punative expedition of Mary Queen of Scots against the Earl of Huntly - Robert Carney
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Fiddawn Castle - one of four castles of the O'Shaughnessy clan in western Ireland - Robert Carney
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Auchans Castle - mock military mansion in southwest Scotland, home of the Wallaces of Dundonald - Robert Carney
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MacLellan's Castle - noble residence of the MacLellan family in southwest Scotland - Robert Carney
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Ballone Castle - Z-plan tower house built by the Dunbars of Tarbat in northern Scotland - Robert Carney
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Glenbuchat Castle - Z-plan castle in eastern Scotland, earl of this castle led the led the Catholic Rebellion of 1592, leading to the castle's occupation by the forces of Protestant king James VI - Robert Carney
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Ballinafad Castle - in northwest Ireland - called the Castle of the Curlews due to it's strategic location guarding a pass in the Curlew Mountains - Robert Carney
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Barcaldine Castle - tower house built in western Scotland by Sir Duncan Campbell and possibly the residence of his ghost - Robert Carney
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Amisfield Tower - tower house in southern Scotland, seat of the Charteris family, Norman nobles who arrived with William the Conqueror - Robert Carney
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Termon McGrath - Irish tower house near the border with Northern Ireland, only occupied for 38 years before being destroyed by Cromwell's troops - Robert Carney
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Craigievar Castle - in northern Scotland, called the 'epitome of the Jacobean Renaissance in Scotland' - Robert Carney
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Derryhivenny Castle - in western Ireland, one of the last true tower houses - Robert Carney
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Leslie Castle - in eastern Scotland on the site of a previous motte and bailey castle and a subsequent stone fortification - Robert Carney
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Projecto Construir - built by Mumadona Dias to protect the monastery of Guimarães, Portugal from Muslim and Norman attacks, later became the royal residence when Portugal became an independant country - Castelo de Guimarães
