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The Muslims invaded the Holy Land and the Pope created the Crusades to take it back, and they learned about new goods. -
The commercial revolution started making people be able to chose their own destiny. -
Born in Venice, Italy which was a big center for trade and later he became a great explorer going on many adventures with his family to more of Europe and Asia. -
They started home by ship with many goods like ivory, jade, jewels, porcelain, and silk. They left with hundreds of passengers and after the two year trip, they reached Venice with only 18 people. -
He got captured as a prisoner of war and later met a writer and wrote a book on his experiences. The book became one of the most popular book in their time and became a bestseller. -
The Portuguese started exploring by sea and captured the Fortress of Ceuta in Africa. This started trading with Africa and the Portuguese started going around Africa to get to Asia. -
After the Portuguese started venturing overseas they found the Madeira Islands and conquered the land. This led to many more discoveries of new places in Africa. -
in 1427 after the finding of the Madeira Islands in, the Portuguese stumbled across the Azores Islands in 1427 claiming them as their land. After these discoveries were made Prince Henry and his crew of explorers started sailing down the southern coast of Africa. -
After the Portuguese finally reached Cape Bojador they made their successful return home in 1434 CE. No one had ever gone that faar and made it back safely before because of the rough waters and their were at least 15 failed voyages. -
In 1469 Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile got married combining their armies and their Catholic faith. -
In 1485 Christopher Columbus went to the king of Portugal to present his plan to sail west to the Spice Islands of Asia and India. -
The Portuguese finally made it around the tip of Africa and on to the Eastern coast of Africa. -
In October 1492 Christopher Columbus found an Island he called Hispaniola thinking that he landed in India. He was awarded the title of Admiral of the Ocean Sea and the monarchy named him governor of the land he found. -
The Portuguese, now joined by Da Gama, reached their long travelled destination of India. -
A philosopher, Thomas Hobbes, wrote the Leviathan expressing his views on the government and all of man kind. He believed that without a government/king for the people to follow the world would go into chaos. -
Another English philosopher, John Locke, wrote The Second Treatise about his opinion of mankind and the government that ruled over them. He believed every man was made to make their own decisions based on reason and there was no need for government. -
After the Seven Years war, English was in debt and needed to find a way to get more money. Then they started taxing their colonists in America which made the American people revolt because of the unfair treatment. The Americans then started their own government and country away from England. -
Since France was also in debt from the Seven Years war, the king started placing taxes on the people. The people were very poor and did not have enough money for these taxes so they complained to the French monarchy. They then began the French Revolution and abolished the monarchy. They set a list of rights that every man could have (legally speaking). -
In 1791 the slaves on Haiti started to revolt against the wealthy, white plantation owners who brutally abused them. -
After taking over the white plantation owners the slaves took the victory and took the island making it into (what we know today) Haiti. -
After Napoleon Bonaparte invaded France and took place as emperor there he invaded Spain and took control of government there. -
Father Miguel Hidalgo rang the church bells as a symbol for the people of Mexico to take a stand and fight for their independence. This was called el Grito de Dolores and thousands of people came together to join Hidalgo. -
Bolívar invaded Venezuela to free it from the Spainsh crown. Called the Liberator. -
After being recaptured by the Spanish government, Chile was set free by José de San Martín. -
Moses Austin was a rich Bank owner until in 1819 the economy went done and so did his fortune. He decided to start a colony in Texas to get his money back up -
In 1820 Moses Austin and his slave, Richmond, set out to Texas and in November they crossed the border into East Texas. -
After Hidalgo was executed, the Mexican rebels continued to fight for freedom of the people and to abolish the government. Finally in 1821 they successfully defeated the Spanish rule and declared themselves as an independent country. -
After freeing Chile San Martín went to Lima, Peru to abolish the Spanish government controlling them and San Martín was named protector of Peru. -
In 1821 Moses Austin died leaving the colony to his son, Stephen F. Austin, who became the new leader of the colony. He needed to go to Mexico to make sure he was able to start his colony on the Texas land. After a year of traveling and a year of persuading the Spanish officials Austin headed back to Texas to govern his colony. -
In 1824 SFA made a piece of land called San Felipe de Austin the capital of his Texan colony. -
After a meeting between Bolívar and San Martín, San Martín fled to Europe and Bolívar took control of Peru. He then merged all of the land he was in control of and made Gran Colombia. -
in 1825 SFA started colonizing more land in the Texan territory making more colonies. -
Haden Edwards started the Republic of Fredonia after not being allowed to kick out the native people that lived where he wanted to start a colony. -
In 1827 there had been about 100-200 people living in San Felipe. Austin's colony was successful. -
Mier y Teran went all around Texas to give the Mexicans a report about the people and what he saw. He started to see more whites as he went east. -
Mexicans make a law that gives them more control over Texans and not allowing them to do things they were able to do before. -
After the law of 1836 the Texans in Anahuac pledged their support to Santa Anna and the Mexican government. -
Texans met together to list their requests for Santa Anna to fulfill. Since the Texans pledged their support Santa Anna said that he would help them. -
The Texans were trying to decide what to do. There was a war party who wanted to fight Mexico for freedom and the peace party who didn't want to start a conflict against the Mexican Government. -
The Texans invaded San Antonio and defeated the Mexican troops there. They then had San Antonio under their control. -
The Texans got report of Mexicans coming through with weapons. The Texans defeated the Mexicans to find that it was only grass in the packs. -
Santa Anna decided that Mexico should not be a democracy and declared himself as dictator. Austin traveled to Mexico city to talk to Santa Anna and was arrested. -
Casteñeda (a Mexican Lieutenant) was sent to Gonzales to retrieve a cannon that was given to the Texans as protection from the Indians. the Texans refused and threatened the Mexicans with a flag saying "Come and Take It". The Mexicans retreated and the Texans kept the cannon in their possession. -
Texans marched toward Goliad and and defeated the Mexican soldiers surrounding a fort in Gonzales. They took control of the fort and gained military supplies from the battle. -
This treaty recognized Texas as its own country. The treaty had a public and a secret part. In the public treaty they agreed on peace between Santa Anna and the Texans, the Texans to keep distance from Mexicans, the restore of any property taken, etc. -
44 people met on Washington-on-the-Brazos to write and sign the Texan Declaration of Independence. -
On March 6, 1836 the Mexicans won the battle of the Alamo after having a 13 day-siege. The actual battle only lasted about 30 minutes. -
After finding out that the Mexican troops were going to Goliad, Fannin tried to flee but surrendered to Mexicans. On March 27, 1836 the Mexicans took the Texans into three groups and executed them. 342 people were killed and 28 men got away. -
The Texans surprised the Mexican army during their sieta and defeated them. It only took 18 minutes to defeat the army and capture Santa Anna. They yelled "Remember the Alamo" and "Remember Goliad" as they fought to honor the people who died due to the Mexicans.