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Industrialization: Telegraph
Samuel Morse/"Morse Code" (dots and dashes) -
Industrialization: Sewing Machine
Elias Howe invented the sewing machine which proceeded as a faster and affordable production of textiles. -
Industrialization: Bessemer Process
The Bessemer process is an air blown into a hot pig iron to remove impurities, reduces cost of making steel by 80%. Soon, Andre Carnegie adpoted the Bessemer process; built large steelworks. -
Civil War: The Dred Scott decision
An African American by the name of Dred Scott, who was not a cititzen had no right to sue in court. The Court ruled that congress had no right to forbid slavery in the territories. -
Civil War: John Brown's Raid
Hoping to stir up slave revolts throughout the South, a white abolitionist by the name of John Brown, attacked a federal arsenal in Virgnia. -
Civil War: Emancipation Proclamation
President Abraham Lincoln, issued the Emancipation Proclamation In September 1862. A year later, he freed all slaves in state in rebellion on January 1, 1863. -
Reconstruction: Freedmen's Bureau
Along with the 13th Amendment, the federal government set up the Freedmen's Bureau, throughout the South to help abolish slavery and set up schools to educate them. Southern state legislatures passed on the "Black Codes" to limit the civil rights and freedom of movement of the freedmen. -
Reconstruction: Civil Rights Act
During Reconstruction, Republicans passed the Civil Rights Act, granting freedmen their civil rights including citizenship as the fedral law later became the basis for the Fourteenth Amendment and It also overturned the Black Codes. -
Gilded Age: Haymarket Riot
In Haymarket Square, labor leaders were arrested and put on trial. In the public mind, the labor movement became associated with violence and anarchism. Sadly, Four of the labor leaders were hanged. -
Gilded Age: Homestead Strike
Andrew Carnegie and Henry Frick decided to "break" the union and locked out workers from Homestead Steelworks when they failed to negotiate a new contract. Therefore, workers went on strike. Workers later gave in, ending unionzation in steel. -
Gilded Age: Homestead Steel
Two armed filled Pinkerton Detectives landed in Homestead to guard Carnegie's steel but were prevented by the striking steel workers and during the four-teen hour battle, seven steel workers and three detectives were killed. -
Imperialism: Queen Liliuokalani
Queen Liliuokalani sought to rewrite her country's constitution, after being forced to be removed. The U.S. Congress voted not to annex Hawaii but anti-imperialist tide then turned. After the United States defeat against Spain, the Congress approved the annexation of Hawaii. -
Reconstruction: Jim Crow
Southern state governments pass "Jim Crow" laws required racial segregation, or perhaps separation among whites and blacks, in schools, railroads, resturants and other public places. The Supreme Court upheld the Plessy v. Ferguson so facilities can be "separate but equal". -
Imperialism: Policy in East Asia
In the 1900, a group of Chinese known as Boxers threatened foriegners in China. International military expedition, which invovled the United States, put down the Boxer Rebellion. -
Imperialism: Cuba
Cuba became an American protectorate. In 1901, the Platt Amendment gave the United Staes military bases in Cuba and the right to intervene in Cuban affairs at any time. -
World War l: Beginning
Germany invades Belguim, begnning World War l. -
World War l: Lusitania Sinks
A German submarine sinks the passenger of Lusitania. The ship carries 1,198 people, 128 Americans. -
World War l: Selective Service Act
The Selective Service Act gave the U.S President the power to draft soliders into the military. President Wilson claims he sees no other option and signs the bill into law. -
Roaring Twenties: 19th Amendment
The 19th Amendment gave the women the right to vote, while Flappers wore looser clothing and went out without chaperones. Women increased opportunities in employment and education. -
Roaring Twenties: Sacco-Vanzetti
immigrant Italian radicals Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were convicted of murder and executed because of being Communist. -
Roaring Twenties: Kellogg-Brand Pact
Fifteen countries agreed to give up war except for self-defense. -
Great Depression: Black Tuesday
The long term causes of the Great Depression was the conomic weakeness in the 1920s. On October 29, 1929, known as "Black Tuesday," the stock market crashed. Stock prices dropped and everyone tried to sell but no one wanted to buy. -
Great Depression: Wagner Act
The National Labor Relations Act "Wagner Act" gave workers the right to unioonize. The Fair Labor Standards Act, which set maximum working hours, a minimum wage, and prohibited child labor. -
Great Depression: The Second New Deal
The Social Security Act was by far the most important and long-lasting achievement of the New Deal. It created a "safety net" for Americans. It established unemployment insurance, retirement benefits, and aid to the diabled and orphaned. -
World War ll: Pearl Harbor
Japan wanted to seize the oil fields of the Dutch East Indies, which brought the United States into war. Japan launched a surprise attack on the U,S. Pacific Fleet At Pearl Harbor On Dec. 7, 1941. "A date that will live infamy" -
World War ll: The War In Europe
General Dwight D. Eisenhower acted as Supreme Commander when American and British forces landed on the beaches of Normandy on June 6, 1944, known as D-Day. -
World War ll The War in the Pacific
The U.S. government invested $2 billion in the "Manhattan Project," a secret project to develop the atomic bomb. The atomic bombs were dropped on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasakki in August 1945, Japan surrendered on V-J Day. -
Cold War: Truman Doctrine
Harry Truman annoucned the Truman Doctrine in March 1947, which United States would provide assisatnce to free peoples resisting communism, including military and economic assistance in Turkey and Greece whom communists threatened the governments for both countries. -
Cold War: Marshall Plan
Under the Marshall Plan, which the United States would give economic aid to the countries of Western Europe to help them rebuild their economies, strengthen their resistance to Communism, and restore trade with the U.S. -
Cold War: Joseph McCarthy
In the 1950s, Senator Joseph McCarthy claimed to have evidence of Communist in goevernment. In 1953, the term "McCarthyism" refers to anti-communism hysteria. -
Civil Rights Movement: Racial Segregation
In Little Rock, Arkansas, the state government ordered the National Guard to prevent nine black students from attending an all-white school. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, sent fedral troops to escort the 'Little Rock Nine" and protect them throughout the year. -
Vietnam War: Women's Liberation
The National Organization For Women (N.O.W) was organized to many women, inspired by the Civil Rights Movement, formed women's groups and appointed leaders. -
Civil Rights Movement: The Black Power Movement
Stokely Carmicheal was a leader of SNCC making the organization more militant and introduced the "Black Power" which is the greater pride in the African American identity leading the creation of new fashions, the "Afro" hairstyle, and black studies courses in universitites. He was the favor of black separatism and the use of violence to fight racism. -
Civil Rights Movement: The Black Power Movement
Bobby Seale and Huey Newton formed The Black Panther Party to protect black neighborhoods in Oakland, California. Their 10-Point Program made radical demands on whites. -
Vietnam War: Tet Offensive
In 1968, the Vietcong launched the "Tet Offensive." The attack showed their strength. -
Vietnam War: War Powers Act
Congreess passed the War Powers Act in 1973, limiting the President's power to commit troops overseas without Congressional approval.
